ն¼ 


ȮС˵¼
ߣԪ
ͼǧҶɥ
ͼԴ@
¼룺@
http://blog.sina.com.cn/makeinunovels
http://weibo.com/makeinunovels
ѧϰϽ˽Ųҵ;
24Сʱɾ鲻
ͼԴ¼롢УԵԱͶ
޸ĴıݣתرϢ


ʹðħ壬
ȻĹȺǣ
ȴҲħɰװճУ
˷ٵʷ
ʱλڰӽĳƶߡ
밬ꡤᣬ
ĳͻȻ⵽Ůɱ֡÷Ϯ
ȻŮߡȾȻһ
ȫ֪ԼΪϮȴеðɡ
ȥ׮ɱƻίˣ
ǰϦĸŽһƷи
һлװεض̽
Χšబ޽
ʮù£ڴʽҿĻ



  Ԫ

šȻҪ룬ǾҪΪһĽʵ롹ͷ
ſӰС˵ĥ֮Ѻʱʿ
ȻֳϵĵָձƵĺס
Ϊ׫дƷһĥݣ
һ´ĵ̧߲鿴



廭  ǧҶɥ

Գ־ӴĲ廭ҡĿǰΡҥᥴȥƥࡷǴ˩``Ŀ⣩
Ƿեƥ̡󥬥ONLINEꤹBOBOGAĿ⣩ƷĲ廭
ϲȮŸǰȥȪ֮ãƬóԵа



CONTENTS

һ  ע
ڶ  ϵĸ
  ͨϣ;




ն¼ 



һ  ע

1

ޡ
ʱͬʱεɤ쳹˻谵޹Ŀӵ
ŷ
Ӷˣ
ڿӵӶʮָǣ¶ƣߵ飬ֱ߹ﲻӵڡⷢǻմˮһش˫磬ŽŲǰС
ֻһӰС
߸ǲ࣬һʮɪ״ҰɡŴֲڹݳԲǴִֻϡȴһֻװñ˻ĲݲȵС
ҡҷĻ£һͷմˮɳɢҺڷɼ˫۱ǰס޷ǱҲáҲգƺΪںִں۹
꽫ﵹǰֻɫâʯͷӦǰʯЩʯװֻӣаԱ漴Ǯ
ᣬĹǮһٰʮ¡
ӹǮսǮ׼뿪칫ңȴһ깤Ǯסȥ·˴ű곤ɣҲܸߴֱ۸Ǳ껹Ҫ׳֮ࡣ
ûӮޣᣡ
ʮµ¶顣
ƺء
ҲԷһֻۣƽӦ
Ȼװһںı飬ʵܲĶ԰ɣ
ûУֻҪٰѲ׷ͺá
㻹һһ㶼ϲҮ
ⷬ䵭ĻӦһس˵
벻ͨΪʲôÿõһòӵ̽ɣ
̽˶аɣ
̧°ָʵԲװá
ӵܸ̽԰ɣ
ǮĻִֻ
˵ҲԡȻӦþǡˣ˳ǰ˰ɣ
⻰ʲô˼
ǰµ˫¶׺Ŀ⣬ȻȴǻȻ֪
ˣָסڰӽߣҲǾԼ³˵۹ڵĹشȺһѩ׼òΪİˣΪݳƻʹù⵽ȺֹκǵľһֻҪӴ͵ͬ
ȻЩʯʹҲ°˿϶ǳЩʯͷά
ʯͷܸﰡ
׵Ὺڵʡ
ιιι仰ЦҮ
һ㶼Ц
СһĬҲûУ
Ȼ㣬˵ǰˣǾʹҼǸ̫Ҳǰ˶԰ɣΪƵŮ𣿡
𡭡˵˸ŮôҲ㰡
귢ֱЦһ˰ٵضȭͷ
֮ܶӮһң
仰űתڡ
ͺúüͰɣ
һҲ
ʱԱһɤ
ιᣡո칫ร
ң
üͷ
ȷ˵ǷĶԷһͷĸߵŮȻе࣬Ưࡣѵн㲻ɣ
Ľ㰡
ô˵Էǧ׷׷ޣǸС
ͷСָҡҡͷ

Ȱסַ˵㲻Ѿȥҵ˰ɣ
Ҽң
һ˿ŵᣬת˵
ҽΪֹ
ûϵ㲻ҪǮ𣿡
ҵȥһ˽¡
Ҿ֪úüͰɣ
λ¶Ц谵֮е˵˾ġȥͰɡ֮漴ԥذȱۣ첽ǰɼĹֱȥ
ڳӵ˲䣬еʮִ۵˫ۣӭֱ˶ҲƵͣ½Ų
谵޹⡢ʪĿӵڲԼҫۡƷĻ⡣
ڼ˵ı仯е൱Բ
谵Ŀӵھ򰬶ʯƾһĹȻʱҲᷢӵ̮˹йԱ¹ʣҲɷǳĸܱūһ㡣žˮ׼Ĺ
˫ϰߵᣬ̼ӽŲׯ
Сɽ𶥶ˣׯӳСھ򰬶ʯĲɾȻۼɵĴׯһס칤˵ƶׯԭλׯĵط򿪲ɹ̽չ˳Զׯ
̫ţǧ°
ᷢſ첽ɽ
ׯΧֻһ򵥵ľդһҲײΪǸΣҰҲӰĵդֻнʮҵլԼһ̵һӾݡڰʯ𽥼֮󣬾ͱ˥ࡣƾ˵ǰа˸Ǩطһ̵Ŵ󼪡
Ÿ̤ׯ漴ֹǰ
դڲи˵ڵϡ
һӽСŮ
˫ü̽ͷŮкļѾӡ
òʹűỹСҰɡδѵԲһͷ޼ĵɫ̷ϴķװԵøأϰǸڴĳ°һɳ㡣ûŮӦûӵװμ壬ҲûκƷֻзǿƵװƷׯ˼ңԾɻµ㹤ԼŮ᲻ǿ⽫Լһ㣿
ʵ޷οȥӰݷԼŮֻǻˣǴȴõҶûϣԵúܲȻ
ιû°ɣ
š
Ů۾ΪӦ
ǹµµ˫ۣ˵ʲôƵעᡣ
ҹǰԹЯʳ
ۣȻ·ߡԽ
һ߸֡¸鷳ﳶϹϵˡͷһŮ˵
һ£ǻԷֵ伢
ǳлСǸ˭أ
ҽᡣ
˵ֻ꣬ŮٴԲĹµ˫ۡ

ţǰ
Ȼĸ󣬵ỹǵ˵ͷ
ǡĶ𣡣

۲ͼ

ŮԷɿٶһԾ𣬸ղǶͷۻģٵһĶֱ͸Ұûɶ
ᣬûбľٶţð΢˫ۣ¶һĨ׺ݵΣĿ⡣
Ƿǰɣ
ɶ
ĵɤŵŮʱ˫ۡ
ˣʹ㲻ϣĻͱǸҡ
⡢ǶԲˡ
ŮϹǸ
ǡ𣿡
ǵģһɣ
Ů﷽䣬漴Ȼǰ̽֡
ķӦʮѸ٣Լ췢ݡһľŵصͬʱڳӦսơǼǳڱܵķ䶯
㡢ʲô
Ůڲ֪֮һѶ̵ߵķָģḹŵλá
Ү
Ůʮֲµ˫ᣬԼĹȻ
ࡣ
ŮԾᣬٶ̵̽
ȴƶɱܿһ
ٲһĻҪร
ᷢ쭣ŮǾñƲ˰ɣֻŮɤΣסж̵
û취Ҫޣ
仰֮ŮӶػӶ̵ǰʹ̡
бջӵķʽһһ̻ܿÿζǧһֻҪӦ΢һ㣬ͺпˡ
롸ʵ÷㡹תֳ
һ°
Ůæʼ׷ᡣ
ֱͣűͱ𣿡
һ߳ɤŶԱһ߿첽լв֮ĴУа취˦Է׷
ιᣡܹôɰŮ׷ܣСʵڽĽ
ɾڽ˳һ١
£Ų˿ĵ״
Ӧ˵һԾլֿ⣬ôͣ˳ܵݶϡݶֱصϣƽԷǣ첽Խ·
ֻҪ
ͷȴΪŮ׷˹СȻȴĿ졣
Ѿͷʲô˰
һٴݶϡ
լݶԾͼռԷǣŮȴ·Ԥ⵽һƵؽ׷ᡣ
ǰŸհׯʱȻҲΪ۸׷Ϲ඼ڼݶ֮󣬾ͷ˶ͷԼ׶˾ݵĶ֣ʱоȡ
¸ô졭
ݶصϲ˲䣬һĨ糺ɫƮҰС
͵𣿡
ߴһڿЦɤ
ܵɤǣתͷ򱳺֮ʣǸҲպץ׼ʱһԾµŮ
һѳֻٿȻһ죬׼Ů̶ֱȥ
ڰеŮȫ޴㣬氤˳һֻһŮȻˤصرֹͣһж
Σ
ֳֳϸֳ̫ЦݵģһŮӡ
Ȼ˲䱻ĨЦɱôֲͣ¶ȴŮһۣٿѯŮӡ
ɱ𣡣
òŻţûɱǽ
ǰ˸Ŀ֮Ůתýһ䡣
⵽ԷƺֻԴʵĽŮ˿ڴͬʱ¶Ŀ⣬עλİˡ
򵽣Ůο˵λŮ
סĿģǡϦһ޺췢ͷϷ㷢·һβƵȻ´ǷĿһĨ糺ɫ
ȻΪŮԣΪ߲ɪ״öԷԼҪ곤һЩҲ˵
ӳеģ˫β΢΢оƺܾǿʤ۾ΪдŻԲ궵߰ɡ
Ϊ˴㷢ɫɣֻǼֻסͷ˫۵Ķ£Լ˫ȵȹӣȾɫƤƳɣ˫缰ֱҲƤƷߡƤѥһ˫߶ȼϥĳͲѥ
ֱԹûʲôԵŮؿڣ
ֱǹڵѶ̹ǹԼϸ
ǸĸŮ
İֹüͷһ塣
֮Ի뷨һΪڽűߵŮװʵ̫ۣҪԭǰݶ̹ǹ͡
̹ǹȡ̼ĻеװáȻֻܷ䳤Լɪ״СͶ̼ȴԹᴩȽһɪ״İӡڲذװãһѶ̹ǹ൱Ǳ˻ҲҪ۶ʮ£ȴѶ̹ǹ⣬װü̼ȶڱȻҲǲɻȱټϳΪ壬ͱ׼ʸ̹ǹȻҪһʸɹ۵ķá⣬ǰѳҲǱ˻οֻǸŮӣһŮӣӵôǮ
˼Щ֮ӡǡǸĸŮ
µ˾ɣ
ڸող⵽İŮϮСĽسѯʡ
һһȴлҲûУһھ˵
Ůüʡ
Ҳʾػػ
ԼҪæģ
˵Ҳûʲô
Ůɲ棬¶Ŀ´ᡣ
ǡĶ
ɫ˲Ϊ֮һ
´ҪǸô˵һῪ⡣û
˵ǣҲΪǸŮء
ǰķԵ߷ɣŮһ㣬ٴһһ˵ȫ
᲻һ׼Ůվһȭһȭ˿оκļ
ֳžһ
ϧƺС
Ůµֵȭͷ
ͼջֱ۵ȴͻȻһΪȭͷϵرԷס޷ѡ
һͨĸŮ
ͷ֮漴ȭӲߺŮա
Ůӷ·Ԥϵһ㣬治ɫŲ㣬һȭ
㻹йŮȭ򣬿ǻ˰۵ร
ŮͻȻı¶Цݣ漴еһʧȥƽ֮ʣһɨȡôˤ˸ʺ
ǰǹΪлԲ궵ߵĸоȻûܺû˳ԼֱжϣԾٴսȭͷս
ǶôǿŮν
㱻ղǸŮʱûз𣿡
ôӰɣ
Ҫǵ仰˳ɻܴȥɣ
˵Ѿȥˡ
ʼͷƣٲڵϵŮȻδŮӽģһֱñŮԭ򡣶Ůж̵ȷǷʧȥʶ֮һѱŮڼϡῴȻǿ󹤳
ô
⻹˵𣿵ȻѯϮҵɰ
ô򵥾Ҳ˳Ǹְҵ̿ร
ѾͷڿЦɣ
°ָָڼϵŮ֮ԱǵЦͻȻһ㶡
һ£Ǵ̿͵ĻǾͱʾ˹ޣĿΪβ̫ţأ
Դ֮ʣȻ췢Ůվԣ漴տڲ
ˣ¶԰ɣ
ϧҪݷõĶĸײŶԡҸոѾȥɽǷĶ˼ޣ
˻ش֮ŮӴгһ۵ʮֹֽ
ţøתͺá
һ֣Ů漴Ѹٽֽջԭλ
УһҪţί˽ֽĸס
ҪתҪŸǸ̫ţϻνĺ֮ͽء
һ߿ڻӦһߺɽĵעź췢Ůӡ
ˡ˵ʲô֣
ҵȾͿˡ
ͼʾõŮ֣ȴ޶õؽѯʣ
ȫأ㶼֪ҵȫˣҲñԼŲŹƽ
ҵȫǶȡŷ³
ܾúӡ
ʣüͷ˼ûñ
ˣġ֮ȰúѾͷ˵
ôŮǰСԳƵȵĺ췢Ů򻺻ں

2


·ִĵطǳľ췿еһ񷿡
ֻҪһξͻأ
ԣҲҲʺá÷ӡһݵķݡŹſڵһ鲼ǰ˳һֻ鲼
һޣ
ŸƿſڵͿһֻӶ׼ֱɹ
͸˵ˣва
·Ԥ֮Уһݵؽסӣ˳ְڻڵϡһϵŮӰۻˣ˫´ͷΪס
ĵȱƲ͸Ŀһæתۻڡ
խռͷֻŴһӡӣԼӴˮۡЩѾռڿռ䡣
û𣿡
Ҳ֪ƶׯνİװֲһǮˡƴΪӾҪ۸ֺ̫Զ
ųῪڻش𣬽ŽŮϡ
λĸ𣿡
ȲԵŮӰ
꣬Ȼ뿪Ҽҡ
䵭˵仰ȴǶλŮԡ
ڷסòէ֮²޷䡣ԷӦĸͰ˳ҲѾϴСӳסƣ̬ʹоΪ
μ棬Ƕȡŷ³
Ƭ̹ȷĳƵصͷ⹧ؿŮ⡣
šĶû뵽˵еĲɿרҾݹ٣˱й١
ɳƵɤȻȴԵʮᡣ
ĸ֮ⷬšһ
ѹҼǵ֡
νĲɿרңȻָͬһҪھ򰬶ʯ͹ҲһЩ˲һֻڿɽרѰδʽɵĿ޴󰬶ʯת۸ҵְҵ֣Ҳһǧ𡣶Ⱥ֮УȱΪǷ֮Űʯٲɿרҡ֪ںδѰǿž޴󰬶ʯ
СŮôһ£
ŵפῸŮϡ
ΪոͼɱңҴ΢һ
뿪Цسشǽߵ֮ʣ뿪ӡŲĵ߽ߣ̽ͷŮ
е㵣ĵؿŵģѯ᣺
ĸ׵״ܲ𣿡
ǰʼͱ⸱ޡ֮ǰǸء

޷⻰кĵȲͷ¶ɻ顣
ÿһתͷ𴦣öңͻȻ˹ҡץСʱһΪءʹȫ֮ǰĳٶȻ졣
ˣǺ˵ػ
ȻӦѾ֪Լĸ̫ŵɣԾɳʾ֮⡣
ϻҪô׾ͱɱǻˡֻᷢո豭֮Ĺֵɾˡ
м˵
㶯ģҲǱĸѵ𣿡
ţ̫ǰʱ򣬻Ź׷֣
ԭˣƺ˵鱨һģһأ
Цһ漴תվڴߵš
һָɻԲѵŮͷ̳ᡣ
㺦˶Բԣ
ڻˤصʱײһװѰɣ
Ϊûʲô˵ЦŻش
㾹ҳ˺Ůӣҿɲǵа̵ôĺӰ
ֲɵģο˵ѾͷǸ̿Ү
Ȼһȵֱͣ߶ȴ̬ȼؿڷ
ʹΪ̿ͣҲǸ۲۵ŮӰɣ
ǿʶòãҪұǼһɱĻôҰ
ҿɲǵһôĶӡǱߵҩùҡ
ɳɤնºݻָܡ

ԭ׼Ů廨ᷢűҽҩݽȥŽҽҩȡҩͿŮͷϣñʼ
ǽʣһҩ࡭Ҳʲôصưɣ
Űѿ߷磬˿ڴ֮ϡֻ·¾ͺľһ㣬صؿαϡ
Ҫɣ
ߵԹġ
㲻õģһֱӡ
ǰ֢״԰ɣմӿʯӷŻǲɣ
ĻʹҲչ¶Ŀڵʣ
ô֪ģ
ȲŲæشóţŵϡ
С㣬ܱǸˣЯǰ
ң
¶۵šڴֽ˲䣬ᵹһ
ҡǵء
Ҳ֮ʡ˫۸̸⣬ᣬγһСС
ԭ㻹ʶõдŸѰ
׶Ŀĸһеɵؿѯʡ
ᵽĿǰΪֹֻ˵ĸżһշתڸأһ߶Ը᳤˵˵Ҳû뵽ȻԸдŸš
ķӦȻͼ˵Щʲôȴ͡жԼù˼ҵļ°ɡ
Ҳûлش⣬ֻǽֽۻԭ״̧ͷŵȡԭƣıƵسԡ
ŷ³С㡣
ҵȾͿˡ
Ӧ
С㣬˵л
ô˵ܵڶǵչˣ˲ŽΪر
ܵչˣ
Ųͷе⡣
ǰһЩ顭
仰ŷ·ԭίƵص˵ͷ
ֻһͷ
ǴӸոտʼڽЩʲô
һԶеĸᷢȺɤǶ˷ӦϵŮһ
ѹˣȥǱߵȡ
ŵٶ˵ʲôҲ޼£ĬĬؽеĽУݽŮ
Ɑɣ԰ָ񡣡
Żһ˵꣬㽫Ůǰ
ллǡ
Ůӹ豭ɻ㱵ı˿ڽ
оΣ
ۣúúࡣ
Ǿͺá
¶΢Ц
Ů˫סѾ׵Ĳ豭ƾҡڲߵƮһʱ֮ͻȻ˫ۣ繫һ̽ͷ̽ԵתӻһȦ
طҼҮ
ϻҼҡ
侲²ۣŮһضӣ˫ּסԼգŴͷź
ѽҲɱʧܣȻĿһһ֮
ֻûҼҹҹνķҲֻһٵҪĽˡ
˼һһ֮ף
ŮͷϰűִͷǸе鷳Ƶؿڽͣ
ŶΪͷǿװͿࡪ
ôô찡
˫ֱͷŮһ߷ǹὲļУһ߿ʼڴطͣ
ô
ĿɿڴŮ
ҲĿһһ֮Ŀ˰Ҳ޷ɱĿ
ƺǺضԴ¸еƣģȴе㶺˷ЦҲһĨ΢Ц
ȼ״׳һ仰
ǱɽıȽ׵ɣ㲻Ҳսร
ɶԭ㻹û߰Ѿͷô𣿡
䵭ػӦȵ˵ʣŸúĿ¹۲ŮŮܵᶨԭͺܽСɸСһš
ءô׾ǶԲƽҶ˵Ϊ̫ٶۣԻܽҴҵһγ񰡣
㿴ɣ
ʲôϲ̵Ĵ̿
ǿӲ²һᡣ
ֱҵ
ѵղŵķǰ𣿡
ǸҶѾ
ӷ죬Ů漴Ϊصͷȥ
˵˲ʹϮжʧ𣿡
ǵġ
ȻһɵעŴͷɥػشŮƺټֻ˫۵ľԾɽŮš
ֿŮ
ܺãǾ鷳ΪֱǷһһƶʵɣסıߵĸʶǰȡģ
ֻŮȻڴϰڳƣ˸ͷ
ǳԲ𣡡
ҪĲǶԲĻֵ˭
޷ΪԼ涨
ԭ˵ֻҪϽҾЩ˸ԣź
ǿΪ֮˺һС
ء
Ůղת֣ͬʱ˿Һ
˵ɣ
еŮʱ¶Ȼı顣
ĺܶԲζ͸¶ί˵鱨
Ůû޵᲻̾˿
ɣٻͷҪҵ𣿡
ǵģǳǸȻίУֲܶԾʹ¶֣ҸеʮŰ
Ůͷɥص˵ͷ
ʱһԳ˶ԻĵȣͻȻĳƵؿѯ᣺
㼸ˣ
ͻȻⰡ
ԱŮҲֳ̬ȣֹ
ǰµ׼꣬һ޼ΪôǸ۲۵Ĵ
涨ʮ꣬δʮ겻ü̳лֻӵơ
Ů仰ȴʹ¶ɬ顣
˼รôϡڲʮ꣬ٹܲҵա
Ůɹµ˫գ£ŲŷУ
ʲôһΪӦøһЩŶԣ
ԲรһֻǸСΪζҵȤ
СźãҾͿȡԼˣ
Ů˫۷֮£кüͷ
ô£
׼нҪɱδԼǹĹ涨С㣬̫лˣ
ôΪ˰㡣οڶԼʱǶĿϸ鱨𣿡
ءǵģȫҵĴǸλ鷳ˡ
ڵѱصͷŮ
ȻѾһ⣬˳гǸԸɱҵļһʲô֣Σ
ҵõȵԼܻ֮شҪȻ
ȴ֧ʵŮ˵ԭ
仰˵չ涨֪ͨί˷ڽԼּͲΪػɡ
鷳
Ƭ̳˼֮Ằá
ǺãʹȥǼһסɣ
ɶΥΪҮ
ֻҪôͺáΪ˽ԼǰǼһס͵͵㱳ûβںҡΣ
ǿǣ˼˰
ʲôûûɣǵԼĻȻܲôҲֻܳ²ˡ
˫ץס죬ŵòӵŮæ˵
Ҹոˣʵʲôû
ܺúܺãϲµĹСร
Ůͷ
ذء
ʲô֣һֱ̿ʵں鷳Ү
涨ǲԱŰ
ôʲôаû취Ҫȡޣǲë֮ġ
һĵ˵
ʲôٰ˼ȡ
ҪҸֻ㿴èԵɳոպá
̫̫
뵱͹Թ˵ְɣ
ῪʼȦŮƵֹ˵
ҽ÷
ܺãҽᡣûɣ
ǣˡ
Ǹˡͺá
һһֱ֮ʵе㲻ס
֮ˡˡ⣬ôƺҶ޷
÷ֻ˶̶һ룬󺰣
Ǿ͡ˣ
ɶ
Ϊܾ̬Ⱥܼ˵ԡ
׼
ǿǣ˵ҽС
÷ڱﲻһĿתᡣ
ᣬޣ
ĬĬ˶ԻĵͻȻЦ˳
Ҫ䣡˵ȻѾ飬ǾͿؼȥɣ
ȶⷬðɵĿţԽᡣ
һ£ί֮кδأ
һǳ׶Ļش
ȻǺݺݱǸʶһȭʵͷŭ𣡡
ǻȭⰡ
¶Ȼ鿴ᡣ
𣿡
ǵǳ׶˼ʽ
Ὣյýȭͷǰ
֪𣿿öԷ򵽺νʹжִ˵ҲʹЯǹ򽣴ͬ
Ȥ뷨أ
ͷĵЦԼȭͷ
ҵҲ޷⣬ԼҲʹ𣿡
ȭһֵֻ֮󣬵ȿתĬĬضϵžϹ⡣
ȻѰҪҾ͸ˡ
ţ߿ߡ
ϡ
ȴȡ
С㣬е㻰˵ʹĻҹ𣿡
ȳ˼Ƭ֮΢΢˵ͷ
¶Ұ⣬һٺòˡ
ι
׼ڱԹֽų÷˵
÷СҲҹɣ
ףĿ𣿡
÷ʮ˫ۡ
Ҳܽ˸ϳš
Ҿ͹
׼
ŭ÷硣
ι̫ţǱš
Ḧһͷ豭漴׼

3

ǹˡȻ
һḧΪ豭жͺıͷһ߰ղѵؿڳԡ
Ϧɫ䰵ò׼Ͷ̨ᣬͻȻּû˷ݵʳģҲûе߿áΪһֱĸΪƶҲѹֻᷢ״
ڵ˵ԸǮǰΨһһӾݣڷֵЩ֮ڷҡἰȵиŴӡ
ɶ񣬺þûѪˡܽסЩġ
ǶûܽסͶĲ豭һ¸еⲻģֵֻᷴĶ
νİһޡ
ͷú׵ĵϸһĨЦ漴Ǻ
ѵù
Ҵû취ɡ
׵صõӦ᲻ŵȡ
ôȣֻʵʵ˵ˡɹûʲôɱĲ豭û취ȷӦȽɣСǾ͸û˵ޡֲˣʦȻӲ
ڴŶƵӡ

̲סֹһ漴һؿڻʣ
ʲô
Ȼܴ󷽳ϡԼ첻¡
Ϊ˵첻͸ûһչʾ㣬ͻ˼롣ƵһٰǨӻǵȴ̹ʵسԼ㡣
ҵ٣ҲֻԼʵıһ£ô˵ҺôҲ곤һ밡
൱һߵϸüë
˵ҲԣǸĲɿרȻ㣬Ǿе󰡡
촽˵仰ȴǱƵͻȻЦ
ǡ
⵽Ц̻Ǻ
ϽǺһ׮
Цһ֮󣬵ȱ˵ı
ᣬȻɵ㶵ؿ˵һۣܵ޶⣬Ȼ˴ƢϣȿǸС
ǣΪĸǱͼԴร
Ǹ̫ţа취ˣĻ𣿡
ĸлɵԲм˵
ּ᷵ţڵ鲼
˰
ȡ豭ӭģŵк
Ŵӿ첽Сĳ
ǸҪҰæ𣿡
÷սսشӴϷѯʡ
븺ݺ򵼵ĽɫԸϢɣ
ǳлˡ
ûɽĵлΪӾıһһ֮ˡֵúΪЧޡ

ֳСָԼᣬ÷˲η
ȫСµᣬƿϵĹȷ״̬һʣ߲˵ĽֻὫѬгϸ˿УٶȸϹǡ
ݿֻ˵ļⲿλȽгɱƬٰ߲ҶнƬ֮䣬ڱϼμĵζ͡
ȻǴӿѾ˺һʱĶֻҪˮٷŵڵϺ濾һͲ⡣
ѰСʱңһȻ򵥣ȴһԲεĺ͡
С㣬Ʒˡ
бϵŸеܹⲻȥصͷǸ
ס޷Ѿͺܱˡƽ¶Ұ⣬ܹл˯ڣҲеʮֿġ벻Ҫ⡣
ҡҡͷ漴ԡ
԰ɣ
һݼżݸڴϵ÷硣
ллˡ
÷ҧһ˫۶ʱΪ֮һ
úóࡣ
ƨҲر
߻ԣ׼Լһ͡
պܲأ
Ѿĵ˵
˵ôƨҲòκκô𣿡
Ȼôȴ¶һϲɫı顣
ҧһע⵽ȵֲҲֻõָⲿλƷǳƯֻǲۿĻʲôߣ÷һ˲Ŀ⡣ƶׯľò;ֹܸŵȥ÷һ˫ץס̻ʵĺҲγǿҶԱȡ
һü⣬һĿתעŵȡ
Ǹˡ
һЩСŮԻŴʣɢһɸŵĸоȴһʹļɻᡣǳҵĴС㣬ȴҲǸҰѾͷ棬Ȼǰֻע⵽ͷ޵ĺ췢࣬ȴܶǸӡ
⣬˫ͿһĨں죬ȴڲ򾪾¶ʱ١
մʲô𣿡
˫ߵĵָᴥ촽
ֲڿ㡣
Եػ֮Լ˴仰̹ԼڿŵȡʮεŲߣĬĬؽͣ˵ǵȣҲҿһۡ
ȵ֮ʣ̫ѾȫҲ׷ױȼֻһյСС͵ƣģĻ΢΢ζֹ
ȽѾʰɾӣʼֽĶ̹ǹ
ÿй¡
ߵĵһ߿ڻشһ߶ȴӶ̹ǹհͷͲٴǹ·ȡһֻŵâͲӡͲװһȲɪ״Ķ̼
ǾǰװС
ᷢ̾Ϊֻ͵İװá
Сİװ
ȱ߻ش̹߳ǹǹëˢڲ
ֻҪлҳɳܽȥͻᵼ׼ƫƣÿҪͷʱǻġ
ܷ㣬ȴ鷳
ֳһȤʮӶۿȴԷ·ϲӬƵԸ
ᣬ㵽ȥɡ
ɶ˵ʲô
侲һԭ
ŮڳѲ˯һ𣿡
ŴذֻʣһϢĿռ䡣
֪
̾˿תԼϵ÷硣
һͳǵ׼
仰֮㱧һë̺˳ȥ
ûϵ𣿡ȱ߽Ͳװض̹ǹ߿ѯʡ
ûϵĸֻҪһܣͻ᳣ֱŤܵ˯
µ˻ش𣬵Ȳ˵ôܵģĺͷ

̫ɽѾСʱңһҲȫ䰵
ὫľڱԼߵ֦֮䣬ë̺ľ˯¹Ҷ϶֮͸¡
ľǿ֮ʣͻȻ洫һ
ԭﰡ
ľԵ̽ͷ·ֻվ̧ͷ
ôΪذɲϰ߶޷˯𣿡
Ҫ˵ĻɡҿǺϰ¶Ұأ
Цݵĵȿڷ
òΪ̫¶˯žɣ
ֲС
Ҳ¶ЦˡЦ˵
Ҷڷ״ˣСʲô
ڷʮ־ȵػʡ
Ȼ˵ǷҸնµʱֻǵԼе൱¡Ҹ̫һҪǰĳط;У׹£˵漣Ƶؼһ
ԭˡ˵ʵǰҵĴءҷ˺ôһҵŻ˽ʱɣ
ǻˡ֮ǰҵҲ廨š
ЦŻӦͻȻ
Ȳδ׷һ˰ٵؿʣ
˵ĸ׵Ľ״û𣿡
Ȼܶ豭ҲԵȥӦǲŶ
Ȼʼشıָее󣬵Ǽ׷ʣ
ʵĲ˼ѵ㲻𣿡
ʲô
̽ƵѯʵĵȣҲͬ߾ӦĬճֳƬֻ̹̾˿
ҵĿڲŲ̫ãԾʵʵ˵ˡĸ׵Ĺ磬ǷҪתźҲĵطม
еŵķӦԶ׼һĵȼ˵
ĸǰ˶԰ɣ
סһ仰漴³һڴ
֪𣿡
ټȥҲ޼µ̹Զԡ
ĸ׵֮Եñʵ仹ҪΪ뿪صĹϵӦҲŰ˵ѪҺŶԣоƺûʲôأ
û˺ҽ͹ԣҸνİ˾ʲô֮Բ˳ΪϰͨԵʰɡ
֪㸸׵𣿡
ҲûĳࡣҶһֱ̫Ϊ

Ƚ˫˼ᶪһҪ
ιոζԻǧ׼ร
ΪҽóҿǸɵİӴҮ
Ǿͺá
ᷭɣ漴˵
Ҳý˰ɣ̫˵Ůܷ纮
ʿء
һ¶ĸı飬úܲΪȻչ
ֲֻ˳ܡ
һΪ˱֮⣬ûˡ
ι
˫֮両ֱߡ
żĵ쳤ֱۣʳָĶͷһ¡
ϧԭΪǴ濴Ӧþܿò
ƽǰס谵޹ҹĻУĳࡣȸеźЦһת׼뿪
ޣ
ҪҵС
һԶȥĽŲһִոձȴһµĶͷ
ǸŮ˵ʲôͷ
ΪȺİƫصشӾźҲ˵Լǰܹչˡ
׷ʲôأΨһõģֻһĲɿרҡ
ˣЩ¶Ѿ޹ءҪ˵ټޡ
ë̺۾ޡ

۲ͼ


ˣࡣ
糿÷дҿĻ
ۣ
ŵòǧһ֮Լδͣ¶ҪǶ̫󣬸㲻ûᵼľѻ۳롣
簲
Ϸ֦÷̽ͷᡣ
Һòã
Բĸ׷Ըǰˡ
Ǹ̫Ÿֻܽ˳Ǹ㡺ȥľ壬ǸСˤϡ԰ɣ
ǵģ˺ࡣĲ²׼һֲҮ
÷緢
Ǹ̫š
ỷһȦĿǰ̫δȫ賿ʱ֡ʹһڴĿصϡ
Ѿ׼ࡣ
÷ݶ£ȫûŲ
רҵ̿͡𣿡
ֹһչǣűȱ
ĵңͽʣµĲһƷװȴ֮㿸·ֻҪȥɢƵ߳š
ȷ÷Ѿ׼׵֮ʣȴԵȼҲ߳оеͷ鿴
ôС㣬Ķڼ䣬ⱿӾˡ
Եͷţʱе൱Ŵ͡
ιǱб˹ҡοҵ¸Ů˸ûϵɣ
ָŵȺָŵĵһĵЦ˳
ʱû£ͺͬаɣ
Ǯ˼ҵȺ𣡡
˳Բѷһ
ǡ
ɡﰡ
¿ƺǲŹĸסֻһ۽΢΢鶯һضصɡ
ⶫ·ɣ
ݳģһľƽ֮еĳ
Ǵĸڳֶģ
㸸иҵĶ
Ǹǵļһ֡
ӹ¶ɻɫΪѽԶĻҪӯ
ʲô
ס᲻طһѽɾоװλƵȻһѽֻʮɪ״Ķ̽ʳʮɪ״Ϊ˱ƽ⣬ǰ˽
է֮ĻΪֻһѾ¶֮̽һֱԼɪ״ҵԲɫ񣬶űҲǵ¶̽Եø߼Ҫ֮һ
ⲻֻǰ߽𣿡
൱ҪƷԲȥ򶪵
һϼӶ漴Ǳ˼ƵطʵƤͷ
Ҳ㡣
Ž´Լϵϴһſ˸Сֱɪ״ɫʯͷ
ҲŲҪʲô֣
ɻŰɡ
ⷬǿӲܵᣬ̾˿ڴ

ܰһỹĬĬȴŽԼľϡһɶæʯͷ·档
ȥɣǵ÷Сһ㡣
ļͷһѡ
йҮֻȥǸһȭˣϾͻ
鲻ͷỰһ˵ֳ꣬Ա󺰣
ι÷磬ޣ
ǡˡ
ȭͷѹܹ÷ͷĥ£ͷϵıѲӰ
ҲŲˣѾҪ˰ɣ
ǣл˵Ĺģ
һŹ֣·
˵Żͷеȡ
Ҫ㲻ร
ôƯŮߵұ֤һڡ
ת죬ǣŵ֣סһԼɪ״СԲͲ
Ƕ̹ǹʹõİװáֻҪСԲͲЧӦ㹻άһʱŶԡ
ʹãװñǸӡ
ҡҡͷ̹ǹƻصС
֪ˣء
Ƭ֮󣬵žϹ⣬ȻתͷֻȽеĶ̹ǹ޵ɫâ
Ȼؿ׷ϵĵȡ
˻ԳŮ𣿡
ѵ𣿡
ΪСһλŮࡣ
㿴ɣ
ұ졣
˼Ҳǳ
ˣǳ

ǰɣ
֪
÷ʮǰɱ
ἰ첽׷ϡ
ȵһʱ֪֮ܵڽ峿ʽչọ́ظıԼδˡ



ڶ  ϵĸ

1

һǱŲμӱװдĸо
߱һĵӣŲĳλá
뿪ŸվСʱֻ᲻Ϸÿʮɪ״룬ͶֲŪʵĶ
ҡһεĸо治ڡ
һӾͻϰ
ͬųĵЦ˵ֻȵĳԹҹ䣬ǰѳƤͷ
˹װĵһۡ
⣬ӹһѳѵ㶼ð𣿡
ڿ𣿷ҵزǡ
¶ɫŭ֮ʣŲԼ⣬Ȼæɤͼأȴһ
ԭⰡ
ĿŵȵزΪûʲô˵赭д˵ʵ;õȵزӦøΪ׵÷绹ҪСš
һҲ⡣
ԽӲӦ
ͺǲʲôֵĴ
Цתȵز䳰ȷһ١
˲䷭תӣΪģ߸̧ϥתһȦ
ϥǺݺݶĸ
ม
ʹö
㰮˵ëҲ̫˰ɡ
ǿʹŵȣֻͷĵָָ
ոǾ仰׼˵ڶΣû
Ȼ߳ŭ
һǶŵԼͷ󻺻վ
ǵġһ뵽СĶӣ;úܿɱ
Ŀ׺ݵؿĵͻȻֹһ漴첽ǰߡ
⻰ʲô˼ѵ̫Ŷ˵
һüͷḧһ߾ٲϡ
ǸΣǹˡ
һḧʹδ˵ĸһ߳ǰζͷ췢С
زػǽɡ
ʹ¿̻İϡ
˵һͬ÷磬վڴԼʮ״ҵǰһĵػͷԴչóһֱظŲʱͣ½ŲͷۿᡢȻٽǰߵľٶֻģʵ̫Сǵ̲סһЦ
оèˡ
Цֹһ֮Ὺڳǰ󺰣
ι÷硣
ˣʲô𣿡
÷ͷҲصӦƽҪ߿ǰڱҲú
ٰѡˡֹߺòá
·ֳνɵ˺Ȱ˵һϥҪƵȻ˫硣
Уô£Ϊʲôͷߣ
ΪҲܴǰί˵סԱװֳͷҲصس
޷ǰɡ
ȱ߿Ц߿ڵȵ÷ʣ
ǻҪòִܵǸί˵ס
ٶȿҪʱɣ
ɶûôʱ䰡
·÷Ļشе൱Ƶشд˷ӦĵʮȤЦ˳
Ȼ̫ˣòΪִܵĿĵذɣ
üͷŸװʹѵģԺ̡ˡ
ԭˣѹô׾̤ó̡
ǷһɽǮ˰ɣѵһƥҲ𣿡
ڲϲȡЦ漴¶ñ鿪ڷ
㣬𣿡
ᡣ
˵δӴƥֻڴĳׯǨһׯ;УԼĿǰĿɽǰӲʱܿˡ
˵ǴҪޣ
Ц˵Լ⵽̳
һ̲Ź֡ȻôǮҲòá
һиͲ׼ҲֻҪôһС㹻ˡ
˵չʾڼֻСĵȣ·ĳһ㲹˵
οͲдˡ
Ҳ𣿡
һġ
ܵĨָЦ˹ڻȴҲһ¡
ˣȻûʱ䣬Ǿͱ˳йʳС
һ߽Ͷ·ԣһԶȲŲǰ
Ϊдļ߲Ϊ㵱һ˾ͳ˶ټ򵥵ͣټ̸·̫£˾ɫ䰵֮ǰҰӪҹ
ɵ඼һƬïʢɭ֣΢һĵطпյءʱðɣֻյʯͷѳɵӪۼ
ҵõֵطء
µػش岻ѵ᣺
Ӳб˲ȹĺۼ⻹õˮ԰ɣҪһеĻҪע⵽ЩСϸڲࡡ
ȻͷȴԶԡ
ǱӦһСŶԣ鷳ȥȡˮɣ
һŵȵݳˮԼˮ˳ˮǰɭ
ڻ谵ɭУܵӲݼ̦ŲԲյǰᣬûԶ漴ˮֻˮûжൽܹװˮĳ̶ȡ΢˳£ҵһȪˮ͸Ҷ϶µϦͣܵˮ淴Եܵؽ졣
֮󣬷Ȫˮкüӡ˳ǰùȪˮɡ
ˮˮԺһڡˮȱָ
ȪˮγףעС֮⣬˴ŻԵصӿֵȻȪˮɡ
˳㽫ͷˮϴӡѾܾúܾûݳ޵ľٶڴˮǼָ߼۵Դûǲˮʾͷжôࡣ
һ̧ͷ޳ǰ漴ڸסָø߽ʪͷ˳ƽͷѹƽ
ŻӳһȦץĳֶ֮زϹ;
һصյأֻѾû𣬲һݲȿˮϰеðռңʵ
÷Ӫǰ棬ƺ׼ֺɡ
ɼǵٳԡ
Ựһ˵ֻ꣬ͷ鿴÷·һֹͣжֱһֻΪ˱ⱻ˷Ӱס÷緢ãȻʧΪеϮ¶ɫ˵
ˡ
ʲô𣿡
˶԰ɣ

ס
÷ŷɤᣬСڸռ֦ĵæϻꡣ
ô𣿡
һָ÷磬ͬʱתȡ
Ѿͷе㲻̫Ծ
û뵽Ҳ¶ǿϡжƵĿתضֱ
ⲻø˵⣬Ȼء
Ȼǵ
ͷύ˵
ûԼĳ𣿡ʵ
˭뿴Լһ㶼Ȥɣ
Լɡ
ȴͷóһС־ݸᡣ
Ҳ֣㿴ԼҲûʲô˼
ۿӳճԼòľӡԭɢҵͷΪʪøˣʹ¶ţϵһ۹ϴɾ𪼡ԵøĿҲֻ仯ѡ
־ľµηע־۳ֱԼɪ״ԲΣֻҪԱƿͻ¶档ǿϸͼһԻΪװƶɵ־ȻûǶ鱦񣬵ԾǸ۸൱Ʒ
ȻͿں죬ô־ҲǺȻǸееⰡ
ʼ磬ֲֻԼðͷ
ֻһſȤ
㻹ǺԾأҫҲ˾ú޳ܾˡ
ĳƵ¶Ȼ顣
÷Եø˷ܣγǿҶԱȡ
ˣͷ룡ȻȻˮһ仨һ׸˧ķװ
㵽ʲô
ףΪѵл
װչʾƷɣ
˵չʾƷأ˵ϣܹϸһء
÷߿Ѱ΢΢䶯ӡ
ˡ
һ仰ն÷ᣬëԼͷ¾ͱԭͷǰֱסӵݷ͡

۲ͼ

״ͱȽ˧˵
ѸոڲݴԼץܣĸźرֳɥ̬÷ǰ
ǲҪʳȥɣ
Щܳ𣿡
ɫĵչ¶Цݡ
·˳ּܳԵĶҶԣҲ԰ֻ̿Ǯ˴ûԹɡ
˻ӦĿתȽűߡ
Ŷҿɡޣ
׼λĺɫ㹽֮ʣ÷æֹ
ժǶ㹽ࡣ
ΪʲôܺóҮ
ΪɡɫޣǲǺɡαɡ
𣿡
ȻǿԳԣ˾ͻࡣ
ؿ㹽ĵش˫硣
ðɣˡһҪɵԳԵ㹽
ܸɴлĿ֮漴Сʼֵܡǩ͸ܵķ׳֫ΰٰͣǩǰ档
ڼ䣬ķԸҶĥ飬ҶˮУټΰͼζ
ѾԹˣЩˡ
һ߷кõһԳζ
ҪмɡĻ϶øúȡ
һźֹ˵
зֵĻһժšҵıӺࡣ
÷ܵðնϳ鶯ӡ
ޡ
˼ܹ
Цǵ÷ع˫ա
ǵɫŨе̫⣬׶ƷŮȴ޲ڣ⴮ܵζȻ嵭Щȴǿˡ
Ǻ˭ѧģ
ȿѯʡ
ǰһֱĴǨǶڼ̹ʽˡټƶúܣԻܳԵĶһŲ뷨
ΪⲢֵÿڵЦ˵
Ȼ̫ÿĺܺúร
Ҳ൱óҮ
Ե̶ֳȵ;òá
ͬؿ佱һֻһЦӦͼñƵشںȼ״Ц
˺ˣ
÷̬
û¡
һش
𣿡
Ҳû֣
֪Ϊ߻ֻеԵе
һƽµػ¾㡣
򱬷һ׮СС¼
׼Ѱ¶ӪصˣڸɵԱҵһյء
ͬһʼ׼ʱ˸ոǰķʻƬյأһ
㲻˵𣿡
µطǼõ
Ựһ˵꣬漴ʼ硣
λյء
ͷʻժñӣڴк
λ㡣
¶ϰΪԻӦ
ǿʼ˾ٵԭȷĹҹռ⵽ѹ
Ͳһ𣡡
Էǻ࣬Բܹ
ضСɧ˵
ȻȵĴ̬ȣȴڶ̶̼Ӻ󳹵ײת䡣
˷С
ᱻü両ơɫһĵһ
ô𣿡
ϸ
Ը⽩Ӳ˵˫֮СȻסȴ͸ƹ⣬񲼷϶Լɼդ
ʲô
ʱֻһ񲼵
ιļһԷˣ
ӳɤŴ󺰣ŰѿĶդС
ˣ
ǰ̽ӡǳԼĸ⣬׶ۿİˡ
դһŮӼСĸСӰɣСֱ͸÷ŮԼһΪ׵СŮĸŮҲ˵˾·Եеݣ˵İƤɼ
һƲ漴ûǵĽŶ
׵СŮߣ̽סֱΪ˷ֹԼϧޱһеı˹âһŭ˲ӿͷ
ֶԴʽʲô˼
һߺ޲ƽŭ𣬵ֵס͡
ūЩ˻͵͵Ǳץİˡһһ
ΪʲôĿģ
о߱ĳϲõĹ尡
ѵñ¶ĵѿ
Ǹʶ
ͻȻվ
ȼ䲻ݻؽ˫ǰ棬һ¡ۼɳȥƯˤ˸
Եһ
һвˮһ侲ֹ
ͽòã
ĵմϵɳ߷
ոմʲô
ȻǾȳ
׼ôǼˣ
һȭͷŹǡ
¶аĵ̾˿ڴ
֪𣿳˳ع֮⣬ֲ跨סǵͣΪﷸɣ
ǲﷸɣ
ǰһй弰װ̹ڱǵĿɽǸ޷Σյ
װ̹ᣬָװõĵҶ԰ɣΪʲôЩ̻ԱᳶϹϵ
Ϊ಻Ϊ֪Ļ
Ƭ̲Ӧϱ¶뷽岻ͬɫͬʱһ˿
Ӧ÷ҽϮ鹫ɣ
ûô򵥡ľԼΪ˵ʵعҲûϵ𣿴¸СҲѲ˹ϵҮ
ָⷬժһ
ο֪ԷܹмȷϹǰһ𣿡
µת۲쿴ᣬȺһǹ̹ǹˣֱǰ档
ְҵڣܹĸˣ⻹ˡʹа취ǵĻҲֹ㡣
ȵ侲˵޴ӷֻܳ
׸㶨ǣͶˡ
ѹסŭĵȳ˵
˵Ҳǡ
ȸղٶȱȳֹľٶͬ˵ΪԼ侲ڻָƽ󿪿ѯʣ
ūܶ𣿡
ܱϽֹū˿Ծʱšرǰò˺ɫԵ˶ỨǮйĵߡ
ȵмдʮԵ
ôԷЩ쵰ΪΪѵȨ߶ûвȡκж𣿡
ãǸ㲻ôеõĳЩ档һȺΨͼİࡣֻ󻹲иҲ˵Ϊ͸ԣ˶ǷǳرĴڰ
ɶ񡭡
ȭơд˷ӦĵٿȻ
ߵһ¡
һ˵꣬漴ڵλá
ι
ΪȴһӦսĸе൱żʵֻȾαڵӴкſԷ̸
ֻ϶ĶԻУ޷̸֪ΪΡӲδֳоĵ̬ȣЦ
Ǻ׼λǰĳǱסǱĳίˡ
۷ĵ˵
ôЩ鱨İ
ֻǿͬеƸлҳˡ
¶鿴ʼشĵȡ
Ҳᵱ𣿡
ףԭڰݵĽɫǱڰ
Ȱ뿪Цؿᣬ漴üͷ
̫Ű㵣ҵı𣿡
Ҳôһ¡
ȱ˵¶۵Цݡ
ⴿʵҵίҲסǰǱͷࡣ
һֱĬ÷磬ڲ״̬˵仰
λǰǱҲ˵
ʲôƵԵ˵ͷ漴ֳǰδ׺Цݡ
ҿԺشչޣ

2

ǾίУҪ㡺ɱҡĿЦһĳǱ𣿡
뿪졣̫ٹСʱͼɽʱ̣һ˿ɭֵеļӳС
ߴ󰡣
׶ĿõĳǱ·ûɭֵƵؽɡΪǴɽ¸Ըӡ
ǱΪʳǽƣ紮һ˴ͨƮ
ĵĵȵ˵ͷ
һ·ġǵڰӡķءӽľӳǡ
ô˵̲סһ
˵ӣ
ûĹ֮ӡ
㳣ʶҲ֪
ƺԼɵ϶üͷ
˵˶ൽӣʱµĻƷծϺֻ̫ĳǱҲûгضпɹ
ǸеĻʶ
Ųͷ¶顣
ǣʵڸ㲻Ϊȡˣȼޣ
ɵ˵ٲǰߡ
ǱǱأ
ȿ֪
ʼӦģ롸û𣿡ĵ̲ס̾˿ڴ

ߵأ
̧ͷڳǱǽ̾ѵ
ǽԼ״ߣߵ룬ûʲô͹ʯɣҲҲκοָץͻټ̫ɽҰҲû谵塣
֮ǰԶĳſڱְءգƺҲжֻγ룬ÿζִ飬Ҫ͵͵ظǲܵǲųǽһȦ
Ǳ롣Ϊһ˸޷ǽ
÷绰һ˵꣬漴صϳǽ
˵á
÷һŵ̾һߵϳǽˣӳǽڲࡣ
Σ
ǵģӵڳѲߡΪľܶ࣬Եҵ֮ࡣ
÷Ȼشڶ⣬֮¶˼ıԱߡ
ֻ˫ֽץųǽ˲ŵߡ
ôİ
߶㲻ʲôɣ
û£ҴӰҿʼѵֱȥŴ󹦸Ү
ֻٶ̫Ѱɣ
һɵʵᣬ÷СƵӦ
Ų
ˡ
˵תͷȲ֡
ι
ǿѺòá
¶ɵ̧ͷ
ʲôйû
ࡣһ
𣿡
÷ѧ޷˵
ȻģҪȻǻŰ
Ϊʲô
λܷ߱ڣǾûɽ𣿡
˵Ҳǡڳǰɣ
غЦָָȡ
ǱߵŰɣҺܿͻ
ҲҪڡ¶дı˵ŷԽǽǸպǼתԳǽ˲䡣
Եһ¡
ֹ÷׷ϡ
ҪǱֻΣհ
ҲŲ᷸ôĲ
߻ش߽ر޼ʮĹľ֮ʣԭһƬͥ԰ͻȻһͬĶ졣
ͬһ˲䣬һ·ƵҳһšȫװʿԳӿͥ԰ļҲűһˣҲʿصù
⣡
æѹӣһʿȴѲĶ
ߣ
ʿ
ˣҵնǣ
÷䲻ݻԾݴԡ
Ǳߣߣ
ʿǿ첽׷÷ȥ
Ȼͼ϶뿪ֳѼסʿפλá
Ҳһ
ĵڶźǴǰǶլۡڴ󴫳
﾿ж
߰ȿ񱼡
׷÷ٵʿ׷
ȳҹɫóǽլۡ˶ĵӡΪ˲ʿൽ˵ͥ԰լۡڷƽΪլۡ濴ûеƻ
ʱиӶ߼ɶֻ¡ݡһƷ졣
ǰһ֧̼ʯСһԡǶ̹ǹ
æıн֧̼֮Ż᷽ڵĿռ䡣
ǵɱҲɡ
ִլۡǽᣬΪ˶Ƕת䡣
Ȼȴӭϴǰʿ
ȻȣԷȴҲһһʱӦʿͼȷĳࡣ
֮ʮ˷ǵˡ÷ĻλûôߡֵٶӲǿһġ
ŲͣˮƽֱұۣȻʿͷ
ʿһ˳Ʒ˳ȥ
Ǹ
СǸȷѾûеб漴סǽǽԵʩͻӦݶŶԡһ׷ϹʿŲһǽȷ¥ݶ󷽣ֹͣһж
ʿ׷Ϲּͬ鵹ڵϡ
ӦûڸŶԣѣ
ͣ½Ųʿ˿Ҵؿʼƶ
㲻Ѿݶˣ˳¥ϵĻȥҿ
ιιι
Ĵ²رӳĺǹȻǹ⿿ַƭȥè
ԭؾϲߡỺƶ
Ŷ¥ǽ̽ͷ״ʿ첽ͨȣæڵĽ䱸ȻҲ൱ɭϡ
ץסǽټϷûа⣬˳ֳһƬڡȻֻҪڴ˴žͲصĻҹ䱻ʿ֣Ȼ
֮跨ǰҲɡݶ׷صİȫشһģӴĳǱʵ㲻ĸطʲô
µҲû취ˣôʲôطֲźء
ỳѰ̬ܡ
ǰɽϿĹ⾰һڹϳֳʽ¥߽ڱΧסĸͥ԰լۡҲһͥ԰޷澿жټ䷿䡣
ܵںڰеģֻլۡ漰լۡǰͥ԰ѡ
ʱῴͥ԰һǶȥ˲ʿ
ǣ
÷磬ڼλòϻ֡
濴õߵ״𣿡
æȷϻǷյԼ޴¡
񿴵õأڸﰡ
֪бֵΣգȴϻֵľٶʮ⣬ֵķʽҲ֣·ָĳƵؽָͷΡ
ָǸ𣿡
˳ָָȥǰһ漴ֱ֪ˡ˼÷״ݴԵС
Ȼ󰡣
ᱻǳҰԵĶò¶Цݣֹ˵
ʵϸ룬÷֪ί˵ķλҲΪ档ðӦһʼŶԡķʡͷ֮ϲȡж
ݶϷƶƽ
ԶӡҪôִ󣬲ûмϸƵǼĳ̶ȣڲռҲԶԼһҪÿࡣסͷС
̧ͷۿֹȴΪ¥ߡ
״£Ƚߴɣ
޸ݵ˵漴ץסڰеļǽһ·¥
λ;еĴΡ
һʿվŷ¥ݡֵ߳Ϣƺû˴˵Цģֱ޽Ÿпԡ
ڶеƹ⣬ȴӰ
صؿ¥ĴĿǰҹȴкüյ͵ƣյһû˵ƻͨҹ
Ǯ˵ݳޡ
ȷûӰӳУ漴򿪴ڡ
һһԲθֵķ䣬һţž¥ݰɣǰɳμ䲻֪۸ж఺󣬵ԾɿóЩҾ˳ɶǸߵڷ󷽵Ĵޱӳ߸¡
߽ץסޱһʹƿ
ɶ
ڴϵһŮ˫ؿڣ΢΢ֹòŹ۲𪼡ںڳòҲһۿǰˡ
ᷢԼеʮ졣
жԲԣ
Ůδشʣֻ¶η
ᾪ²
м˰ɣ
ͷһЦ

3

̫ˡ
ʱüͷ
Լʵ̫ȻˡȽע̣ٲŻвֹŵַĵ
Ỻתͷ򱳺
վڴ򿪵ķǰˣһŴӷģԤĻҪꡣ估߶࣬ʮҡ
ں޳ܵ˰ɣҲҲˣڴ˹ޣ
ٶЦ˳Ŷ̹ǹֱ׼ؿڡ
ô֪һ
ϾͼȡĲФʵںܶ࣬һɳߣнӽǱˡյΪӴɳĴ̿ǰıޣ
ԭ˰ǵڰ𣿡
ڵӦ
ǡķءӽӵͳѪλ̳ˡ
ԭλ̳˰
ķӲδϴı飬ֻĿתעᡣ
ȷʵһŻ˰֮Ѫòأ
˲Ŀ¶׹⣬ֹ˵
ұֻһȭͺãҾȭԣȭ
ƹסճȭͷ״֣ͬĥƵתȭͷ
׼
еķ
ƲǰɣΪҲҿǹԲԣϧѵ൱ĳɼ㹻ɱͼƽ񡣡
齲ķȴ΢΢ֹ״̬ȽΣգΪĳԵʶСĿ°
޿κεֹͣķ漴ԻָԭȵĴ̬ȡ
ܺã뻹ܹ֧ǹרǰȡź
ķ·ҫƵذڶеĶ̹ǹ
ɶΪһȭ
Ϳ͸ֵͼֵ뷨һᣬ֧̹ǹ䷢ʿЯǹ֧Ǵͬرǿ棬ɹᴩĸ
ʲô㲻Լֽҡ
ϻһصسʰ¼ɫ˸е
˵Ц˳ķ߽ʲš
԰ɣϽǰѽͬһ䣬ڵذϴҡ
ĳڵذ˹ȥ
˵Աߡ
ķӶ̹ǹᡣ
Աߣ˳ƸżͷСԱİŮ˵
ȶ㵽̺档
ηɫŮ̵ҲƵض
ķȷϹĶ֮סűߵĳĿתӼӡ
ȷʵѽû϶Ϊλ̳֤ı
¶䵭ŷ˷ܽķ
⻰ʲô˼
һ֪ذɱ治ڻеͼѪͳɫ
ķߴն˵
ҿõľѽ޹ؽҪֻҪ̿ų֮˾ͺá
ʲôԭĿ겢ҰҪǰѽĻֻ֪ͨһҾͻ˰۸ȹӶ̿ͻҪñรֻµһжѾ̫ˡ
ᷢСǿϧ֮Ц¶ʵ
ǰϮҸ̫ŵĻҲ𣿡
ڽʲôĪĻ
ķһЦӦʣžĳͬһָᡣ
รһóкӣҾ͸ɣѽǰӽʼ桪ӽǰĶϿСʹô˽֮ôһ֡㶮˰ɣӵѽ˾ܼ̳λ仰˵ڵҾλ̳ˣԹԷ¹ɣһжУͬһѾͷߣ
ķԸڴߵİŮ
ŮƵأŲӿᡣȻ޷жӣֻػķҲֻĬĬĿ뿪ߡ
ΣǺͬˣֻòΨһȡ֮һμǾ۾ɣ
ķӱס΢΢ֹŮųССؿƣԽ°
ȻһŮΪ޷ܶ鶯촽
Ⱦҡ
ȡ
ס֡
ķ
ðҪסֵȻû⡣ֻҪõѽ˾ͶνˡôѰబ޽ͬʱ
ķУʹŮƻԣų齣ʡ

ԭı˲ᡣ
⡢ʲô
߸߾ĽǵǾ޽ֻһͨ̽ķʱʧ룬ź
˵ôһΣ
ޱסŽסŮԼ漴ƴǿЦ⡣

۲ͼ

㾹ˣң
ķ̹ǹ׼ᡣ
˵㾿صȥˣ
Ȼ֪Ǿǲõľǰѽม
ɶ㻹װ⣡Ҳ֪õɣ϶ȥһСǮɣ¼
ķܵţͷŭʹ
̸г䣡һᵱ㡪
ʱһɤȻ
Ϊֹˡ
ķ·Ķ̴ٱ˲佩ס
ȣ
ֵᷢȵ޺췢Լڵȱ÷Ӱһȫķ档
ӣʱأ
ȸķᡣ
û־ȱม
Һתร
ϵὲֻƵЦ
޷
йɰҮ
һ߱Ļش𶺵÷ЦһάԶ̹ǹסķƣһִֻסķļ
ǹŵϣߵԱߡ
ûҪЩͼֵ
вʵķõɤС
ҵǺھ̷żร
Ųǹڽסķı
ķǿŭƵ΢΢˫磬漴Ŷ̹ǹ֡
÷ô˻ǰŲԱ˿ǹڸԶķ
ԭײķ˲̧ͷŭᡣ
Щһ⣡
ķͻȻУһŵذĶ̹ǹ׼ᡣ߾Լ״Ȼܽȴ˼ֹľ롣
÷緢Աķ
ֳɿɵľҡžݡ죬̹ǹҲͬʱһ֧
ȷʵǷһ˲¡ֻһҽΪתӣһ
̼ϷӶ

۹סķ÷˫۷ѶһѲ֪ʱʵĶ̵
ᣬû°ɣ
ŵѯʵڵϵᡣ
ţֻҪԶǹָķͺ˰ɣ̫ŵϮÿʱ°Ψһõĵ⡣
Ȼװһ㲻ʲô´󻰣ȴ羯һҹĶֹ
ม
Ȱĵ˿ڴ˫ŷ
һȷŵ亹ֱˡ
תͷ򱳺󣬹ۿ̼еʯڡȷʵʿõĶ̹ǹ⣬ֻʯǽһ󶴣̼ʵشǽϡλÿӦ׼ؿڲŶԡҪеĻ˳ɻɥȪɡ
ķɫ԰׵άԶ̹ǹ׼ƣ΢΢ֹ˵ڱ÷Զ̵סͷ˵Ϊ׶ȿǹˣԼе㵣ŵѪɫ̹ǹ߱ܵ£Ҳ˲һ
ոͼɱǰɣ
սȭͷǰһķαķæеĶ̹ǹ
ססְҿ׸磡
ɶ
ʱֹͣ
仰˵ҵĵܵܰ
Ѿͷˣ㻹Ǳ߽ʲôĪķ軰Ҳ֪Ҿܻ
ҡû˵ѣҵĸסҲǹ֮ӣǰӽھӣ
ɫķֱ˫ƴͣ
ʲôԭʵӵ°
Զ̵ķ÷磬˫۷سе
޹ء
ķ³ؿڻشͻʵе󣬲ͼ̽⣬ķűľֱ飬˵ѵӡ
ǡ
⾿ôһ°
ͻȻźѯʡһƿᣬؿ粽ƽķȻץס½
̫ˣȺıôܻ˽ӣ
һڵģ·ƾ߾ɱķһ㣬δ׺ݱ顣
ҡ֪˵ȫʵ
˭˵ģ
ȽӶ׷Ǳķ
ֻҪҳԱ˶֪Щ£ϰŮˣԼһ˽ӵȵȡ˵ǸŮ˸˽Ѿˡ
Ϊ֪ĸţ
֪
ķҧгݵӦ
ȻΪ޷ֳ״̬اķӦĸ󣬵ȴǵŭա
ڿЦԲԣ
ûû£Ϊյһţŵ֪׮Ϣдšĺӻţӵλ̳бѶϢ
˭ĵţ
Ҳ֪˭ֻҳԱ֪ʵ˿϶ĳҳԱͳ鱨
鱨ɱңѱռΪС
û̳Ȩڰ˵ңַֻܵǻΪ
ķⷬ˽ţֻüͷֳ̬ȿķ
÷磬ſɣ
Ựһڣ÷ԥƬ̵̲ɿסķֱۣԾص档
ȡ
ܵߴ٣һƣ˳ɿץסķ½ơ
ΪԼ˰ɣֻķһĵضͰ͵½
ǹˡɳĴ̿ͷǵܺú񣬾ȻԹ򡣿ɼ÷һҲѼҵأ
ķĿ÷һۣм˵ûʧ÷̿ڻӦ
ǷԼΥ˹ϸ½Լ
Υϸ򣿡
ɱδʿǴ̿͹Ľֹࡣ
ʮ𣿡
ķһᡣ
ǿϧҪȵں־ͺޣ
ȻƽʱƢΨ˿̾Ҳ¶ҫʤĵЦݣؿķһۡ
Ҫ㣡
ķݺݵػ
ͺ𣿡ѯʡ
ǵģֻҪͷԼͿˡ
дʯ÷˵ͷ
ȻѾһ飬ͻҴҵޣ
Ựһڣķ漴ѯʡʲô⡹Ƶ̧ͷȴȭͷХ
ķӦյȭͷѻƿա
ɥʧʶķתһȦ˫ϥ̱˲ڵء־ס½ӲǱվá
ʣȭûдร
㡢ʲôǣ
󺰵仰ͬϼֻͣȭһߣͬһݺݴķĲู
مޣ
ķҽУ۳ɤ״
ǰĶ̽Ӧѣֱڵذϡķ·׼̽ͷmƵȻ¡
˲䴫һжѿࡸžߴ졣
һ߿ʹķ̽
ֻǶձ֮ɫʯͷѳƬȻɢһءʯͷĺۼУһֻһ븽һ֧ĵοԲοռ䡣
㾹ŪѶ̽
˲ͣķһۣŽ̽ĽʵУ˳ֲ֮䡣
һ죬קڵذϷʹķ
Ƕ԰ɣ
ţϵĻǰˡ
ķͼӦ漴׼⵽ʹŹգֺݺݽһơֳһķĲȻɼ촦״̬
ǲŲʲô
֪֪ҪͷǶ԰ɣΪ˶ܿⲢҵı⡭
ȵٶȻƿϮķա
ˣôֻˣӦû˰ɣ
ķʱԶԡ
ȻжԲԣҴ·
ڵȸ߾֮ʣķĵֿ־˲ɢ
֪ˡ
ķһߵźʹգһ߼Ӧ
Գޣ
һںŮ漴սսԴ̺̽ͷ
ٱŪʹ𣿡
ţϾͻػɡ


4

˹ֹط
ķĴ֮£λڳǱµĳ䷿䡣
ûūֶԣѾޣ
ȻķǵΪȻʵں붪ȻԼס仰Ϊ˵صĻֱӵ㡣
ļҹȻƾɲ벢˵һ谵޹ʪأͲʺסĵط
͵ơ
һڣչū漴һյ͵ƹ
ӹ͵Ƶͷ̤ҡ÷̵ķԱϼӿءʿǱǲسڣȻķʿǲԾɲɷɽġ
ڿһ̤ҵͬʱһǿҳζʱӭϮ
ÿµĳζ
й϶ɵζ˵סĵط˵弡
ΪѾûüֵİˡ
ķЦ˵ԭ漴һüͷ
ûüֵ
ΪǴεϻٶ̫죬ܹɵʹõڼʵں̡ܶһֻᰬŮӸȤ
ιʲô
ûʲôֻҪūķ̹ˡֻгƯŵ㣬Ƿ㲻˰
ѸٶԸݼŵЦݲӦ
ʡ
ȭͷȴһķı
̬
űǹѵĸдʹӳһȭֻѪķȻתһȦȻء
˵ҸѪԵϵЦˣ
мطŭɴһȭ뷨սȭͷһķ·մȭͷϵıѪ漴»ӻ谵ڡ
ӰӳСˣȫǳŮԡ
λغ£ǰӪǵġ
˵Ӱȴ˿ûд߳˼
ǶŻˡ
ῴžɻӳնֵİϱ飬ֹ˵
ǶΪе÷磬ȥ
׵øûɶմķŸһ߽ߡһ˶עӣĵؿѯʣ
ǡ𣿡
ֻһ밬Ѫͳ
ʼش𣬰漴¶
ѵλ˵ġ
òȷʵʮơ
곤İŮĿתע˫ϥ°ݡ
ιιιǱ
æͼֹǣȴ·ֱӰݼһʼղ̧ͷ
⵽ô£ֻǾǣͱԴʵںܲ
ȼ̵ػش˵ǰ˼⣬˵ĸеͷʹᡣ
Ҫ㡣
ң
ǰ
ȵͷ̾˿ڴ
ô˰һҲҮ
Ὣ͵ƵĻתȣֻѾһŷ·ưͳԻĿɬ顣
Ҳù㡣
ֱĪ㵱𣿡
ȶڵʵᣬֳһ޿κεӿ˵
һ˵֮ǰǲӦȴ뿪˵رȽϺأ
ͷ򰬶ˡ
˵Ҳԡιλɣ
ǹԹǰ
йҮ
ڶ˵ظߵЩˣ̲סе󡣲ô˵վδĸİˣð˾ʲô塣
Ըķȫİ˰Ÿԡҵķ估·ŵֶķһҪ
ֻʣ°챻ڵĸŮڵİˣᡢȡ÷缰ķˡ
Ǹǻؾأûɣ
ɷģͷȻֱ
ڵ˵֮ʱ췿š
ɣǵ÷Ų
߽޴ʿֻܹ
Щȫ𣡣
Ӧǵġ
ܺá
Ȼһڣʿ漴ɫķϹⲢ뷿䡣
ȵһֻӦһأ漴ųɫԡʳָİװãʮҰɡ
ôబװãǴıİ
Ҫķʿṩκζ̹ǹʹõİװãʿѾװڶ̹ǹڵİװáһҲɲóޣ
ôЩװð
֮ǰҵȰķ뵽ڷС÷磬鷳ˡ
𣿡
÷ѯ
鷳ˡ
֪ˣˡ
÷ķƶڷ䣬˳ֹϷš
֣
ô졣
ȸ߾ӣʹɢڵذϵİװáӼװ÷ԭעڰװõеɫâ˿һ㿪ʼƮС
ʲôҲûϵ𣿡
һӰ죬˾Ͳһˡ
ι
Ȼʧ룬ȴ·ȫ̹һ㣬µԡڹâ֮Сǵ漴Ա仯ԭͬľұ仯ֱ͸ħûɶ
ιιιǱҮ
ˣƣ̬಻˾˶ʮʮҵŮԡСŮҲԵýΪһЩ
ûɰʯȡɵİ֮ȪԴһȱȪԴͻϻķȻ˵˵ʵ̣ʵǿԻһʮҵĳร
̫Ҳһ𡭡
ԭҲðװøСʹãȴ⵽Ļؾ˵ҪЩװػ㡣
ֻǸ̫ţﻹô鰡
׶ȵ֪ʵɫߵ˵
ҼȱٰҲҪ𣿡
ĻѪͲö֪ˡһҲпͻȻͱҲ˵
˫磬üͷ
ֻ֮ܶҪЩװãӦþ˳ӳȥŶԡλСıʿǷ֣跨ϻؾȥɣ
ת򰬶ǵĵȣװװõȫϡ
û𣿲Ҫ׼ʳˮ𣿡
ʹֻҪܶɹѹء˵ʵǵ°⵽Ⱥ֮һֶֻܵΣҲû취ˡϾ˲пֶζԴǰ
һĵش
άŴײ̬˿û̧ͷ˼
ʱһŮ߽ἰߡǳķŮ
лл
ӲЦݵŮڵл
˵ллҲŶԣԶٻرһˡ
ӭŮ߶ȣϸֳһĨЦݡ
úñأɱٱץޣ
ḧŮͷ˶ʱһڴæŮߡӲѹŮͷԼҲϹ֮漴ӽŲ뿪Ǳ
ȣ˸òҰɣ
һĿҲƵؿ첽ȥİˣһ¶ܴ˵
û£Ҵٽ͸
¶ЦʣİװսԼ
Ҳ뿪ǱɣҹжȽϺá
ͷͬȵ顣
һյССƻŹᴩҹɭֵĸɵƽһյз侵͵ơ
ֳ͵Ƶͷ鿴һķȷû׷֮󣬱תķķ׵òΣûɾѪѪ
˰ɡ
תķ׼ͷŴʵ
ȥʱСҰǰ
һϸָЦݣһķıһѡ
㡢˵ҰǣҲҰ𣿡
ãϾɭ൱䰡
оɫķ·𷽲ƣģϷƵأȷɱȥ
ûҰǣ㻹׽Ū
ĿķԶȥĵȲ¶Ц
ҪССͷҲΪɣ
Ц
ֻǻ˵ԭܵĻʲô״ƽ̫ˡ
ǵģܹʶ˵Ĺ֣оĺܰ
˷ܵͨ÷һڣȸŵͷͬ⡣ָڼ̹ǹһĻ
ǺܾʵľรûǮĻҪҪа̯׬Ǯ
ŶûУһξܹˣʹҲ˸еëȻ
ֳЦˡҡҡͷ˫ۣ¶ߴɫŵȡ
ҲԸ˰ɣ
׳ӪȰʱжϵĻ⣬̻ı顣Ȼ÷Ƴһۣ¶Ŀ˵
ӣӵһѱΪλ̳֤ı
ȱ˵ָǰѳ
ƺʵ򲻵ö֪ˡ
ʼ硣
ʵ񲢲⡣
⻰ʲô˼
棬뻹ӡд˻ķһǷŵݰɣλǶԣӵλ̳֤ģǵжǽɳ̿Ϯ㣬Ȼ÷ǵһ̿ͣ̿Ҳһ׶Ը
أԭҺ׶Ը
÷һ
鷳͸˵
黹û꣬⻹һ⡣
Ⱑ
¶Ȼŵ̾˿ڴ
Ȼû֪ء
ͬ̾˿ڴ֮󣬵漴նس˵
ĸסšĶСǰĹ
Ứһʱ⻰к壬źòĻӦǡ
ɶһ
仰˵ʾ㲻Ϊӽĵھӣͬʱ̳˰Ѫͳ
Ǹ̫ǰĹУЦ˵һòá
һ˰ٵΪȻЦ仰ҡҡͷ
ûЦ˵ڰ˵ľǷźԲԣ⣬ǼΪֲ֪Ŷʾ⡣ǲܣ֪ﻨôʱĿԼȥࡪ˫Ա֮ӡ֪ʲô𣿡
˫Ӷ԰ɣ
÷˵ȵļͷʱΪ֮һ

֪鷳ˡ
ԣǾԲܵǻΪĽɴڡ԰˶һϣ֮ǡǴ˸ӵ֮а
Ȼ鷳͸
ǣΪιҪԽĴڰ
ؿᣬǻԼ˼һֹ˵
Ϊð˲ŻҪ㡭
ã
ǸβصĵطֻҪиѪͳԱڣʱó
ֱԭ¡
·ʲôණƵºݻ
ûﹴ̫ţ֮ǡһ밬ˣ˴ūоСʱ϶Ҳϰִ̡ǲֵûɣϾͷװαʯô׾˰
ͷĳ
Ǹˣ
÷ĵؾַԡ

°ʵǲǱʯࡣ
˵ʲô
ֻͿɫѣΪɹͷŻ
÷罫ȼƬϣƬлɷĩ״
ѽǼٻˡò̫ܵ׷ϲ⣬ĵɣ
С㲢ôޱˡ
ߣ˭ð
Ϊʵںܿɵ֮Աǡ
㲻Լĸ𣿡
̫š
һ˫սȭͷ
ֻĸףĿڰϷĲ̴һӿͷԼշת롢ž޶֮Ҳһͳͳɳһ
ãҾҪˡҪȥǸϰ֡
һȭͷ
ȿڴǻ
ţû
ΪȻն˵
Ȼݱ״ء
һɵ۵̾˿
ûҪԼһȥ
䵭˵
Ӧöû˰ɣһ˳ԼһҲѾ̫ŵķԸ
ǵģΪһѳɹԼԽȫЧˣ
÷洺ص˵ͷ
รǾͺá
仰Ĳɵؿڻشᣬ漴ֲ̫Ծתۿ÷硣
ȵȣ㻹𣿡
ǵġΪһһ֮
˵ҪЧңǸ̿ûɣҾͲҪ
ܷİɣҲáҲգҿܾͨࡣ
𣿡
ɡ
Ȼֱҵ
˵ǰͷûëǮร
ⲢǹҲշ
е㵵÷عա
ȻˣǺðɣֻǲ׼ºҪǮร
ҲŲ˼Ҳˣ˿ڴ˴Գ𣿡
ֻƤĳҮҪͷѸร
ˡ
Уٽ˺òã
סô
˼Ƭ̵÷൱ĵ˫ۣ漴ĵط顣
ˣǸӵ¿԰ɣ
׼ң
롸ʲôЦȭʹĥ÷ͷ
ءǲȻӵ֮ѡɣ
÷綨עᣬӲҪ̬
ιιιֻѡ𣿡
ǵģ
ش˫磬תԵͶѯʰߡ
Ųֻһһ֮뾡跨ı״̬֮ٶ¾Ʋĳֱ仯ȻԸһ֮
һȻسشĵյۣչ¶Цݡ
һȭ½㸺ˡ
ˣǸ
ٹʵɫ̾˿
֪ˣˣ
ұд˴㡣
תϸЦݵˣ´ǰС
ֻڱ˵
÷硣
ǣ
÷Ŷ߰˶ȵɤӦ
Բ˵ʵǰ㡣
һ˵ֻ÷΢΢ͷش
֪ˡΪһֱҿ
ˡķǹʱ㲻ȥ𣿡
ֹ
÷Եøͷɥ
ҲȻรĸķһʧ׼ͷķӦȷʵܿûʱûǰȥĻ߿϶ϵĳλ
̧ͷȵ÷ʱ˫ۡ
𣿡
ҵʱվĿԿһ
ԭˡ̫ˡ
÷˿ڴϸֲЦݣ֡
Ȼ֪ܹദʲôʱ򣬵ָޣ
ţС㣡
ʮɪ״ͬʱסԷ֡
ιڸﰡҪʼ·ޣ
ȫ֪Լոշʲôµ״£Իͷ
˻Էһۣͬʱֱȥ
ˣȵ˼
ôȥ
ôһʣʱ𲻳
·ǰĻŵûڲִܵร
ôԶĵ跨˭ܵ˰
Ҫ;йĻ
Ժйͨĸɵ·ߣ˼Ƭ֮ɫͻȻΪ֮һֹ˵
͵ȥɪС
Ǹʲôĵط
ȱ鲻̫Ծĸвؿڻʡ
ǵӿᡤɪĶС
˵ֵʱ򣬵ȵмһ൱ȷĺ⡣

⣬ڶͬʱֻֻһͬķǡ
ǽͲ棬װһµź
ھŵλ̳ˣబ޽



  ͨϣ;

1

һͻȻϮ
뿪ķѹ죬ͷæ׼͵ʱ
ᴦ÷ץĸӣĨΰͼ֮󣬱㽫ӰڵϯƳɵϺ濾׼ŶʱȴͻȻƵڵء
ۣ
ǰõڴз͡ôά˫סԴȡ֮ŵ״̬ԱŵصƵݴ
㡢ﰡ
ʧͼŵ˫ƿȡȵֵס˫۵͡
д̿͡
ȵ侲ɤʹֹͣ
ûκζֻ죬ֱ΢紵ҶɵĦԼĻȼ
ỹüԼĺԼѹϵĵȵĺ
ϡ
ССȵزϣҲڼԸܵλáҪֱǿѡһ뵽ܻᱻ˾͸еţżӿ졣
ֻǼƿԼ˫ȴסοڷֻΣաڵȺ׵ʺ췢Ȼ´ëһᲦɦ⺦磬ǿס

ѯʡ
һû
˻شĵָͷϵľ˵
ֻϲһ֧ߴȶ̹ǹĶ̼ɸ߶жϣһ֧׼ͷĳ
ǳǹƺǴԶġ
Ȼд̿ͣ
÷֪ͨҵģոйհ
ȱ߻شС̽ʣס̹ǹ
ȻŲ˫ͼȷ״ֻ̬ܿ͸ݴԼ϶ӳеСΧ⸽÷Ҳ
󷹵ʱϮòá
ԥŸδеķţ˵
㽲ʲôɵöԷиʱ򷢶ǰɱһַ
ԭˡ
ڲǸеʱɣ
ҵȻ֪
еس
Ҷม
Ȼһ˵꣬漴ƿ
ûáҲδоڷĴУοҲûôǮֻһѿɵλ̳ж̽ǰȻķǰƶ̹ǹֶοѡǲϲǹԵĻϣõ

۲ͼ

ǱΧˡ
֪Ĵ÷ֹʹĳּɰɣȻһξ룬΢ȴԾش˶С
Էмˣʡ
ˡԣˡ
Ϊβǹ
ڹкηӦҲ˵
ԭˡǰǴæ
ְγ̹ǹĿϢȻһ
ԷķϮأ
Ϣ޹ơڵߵҲ಻סӡ
ڴʱһսζƮ˹ȻתͷֻϺ濾ĸⲻð̡
⣬ӱˣ
ᷴԵɳ˷ѵ׵ʳ˵ҲܿɱΪƶϰԡ

ͼֹ˸ա
ֱ
ۿֿɼǰȴͻȻһӰӰһԾ£ףƾճһ
˲ͻȭԭ㿿еȭĻӻжԷ򦣬϶ԷƾĶܿһȭ
Ϊȫȭͷ¶Цݵӣȴһ˲⵽ػ˳ȥ
ԭϵͬһ쳤ȭͷݺԷĲͷ
͵ŵ侪ˣ쳤Ҳûϳأͼԭ״
ᱳµڵϵĶ֣˳ƸԷһſץֻ쵥ĸ
̫
Ǹô죡
ȾŶ̹ǹܹϡ
֮ƶ˵
ᶪ仰ͬʱȾܡ
һԾĵ׷ϣڲ֪ð÷Ǳעⱳ󶯾߽ں
Ҳһ˱׷ƶ
ֻҪƶԷҲƶ˱ܲǵϢˡ
Ȼһڣһ²Ӧ
ǰ
òǸû뵽һɣ
ѽûϵ
Цŷµӿų̡
ʱ󴫳֦۶ϵ
Ǳߣ
ת˳ƿ¶̹ǹİ
̼Ҷ֮䣬һҶĦɳɳŴСȴû̿ͷκ
𣿡
һࡣ
һ˳ܣȼ÷ֱԶ϶֦Ҷ̼СȴʼղЧ
Ƿ˰
м³ۡ
Ǿкͼֻǲƣͺ޶Ү
ǵģо֡
÷߲ʱתͷ䱳߳Ӧ
ں׷ϵĵ˺ร
Ӧò׷ǰɣ
׼ͷ鿴֮ʱ
Ѳɡ
ֹһ
ţɭֵشͻսᡣ
쵱Уķڵĸɵǹᴩɭ֣һ·ǰȥɵȴǰ¾㣬ڴֳͬò
żɣһкüѷ绯ʯϣһ㳡ĵط㳡ΪµΣһ·羰ȻѾĿȫǣ˴Ǹչ̨ĵطҲ˵ǰ˳ɶ˵أ߿羰ЪϢɡ
ֻǰʯֳӰͷһˡ
мˡ
ᷢεͣ½ŲǱƽȲϮص㡣
Էˣǰĺ
ιҮ
ʱüͷΪ÷緽˵׷ˡ
ףࡣ
ֵŶ԰ɣ
˵Ӧ
ţȴ⵽ǰʵ״񶨣ʹ÷¶ʮŵı顣
ƺҲֻܷһ˰
Ⱦ̹ǹ˼ҵ÷ҲŰγ̵
׼ֳ䳤ȴе̫Ծ
Ϊβư
ѾɵɵȦĵ㣬̿ȴȫȡж
Ǻ񻥵ŶԷҮ
ǰ̿͵÷翪˵ֻǷ·˴ǣƵؽߣһ롣
ѲɡǷɣ
ֹ˵
ָǵĹͬһ𣿡
Ҹ㶮ˣ׷֮Լ٣Ϊһ˱ɱ
˿÷ֽе
˭ǣ
ѯʣȴտڲ
͸¶ǰɣ
ͷʾҲȻ˼漴ĳͬʸ߸߾
Ҫǽأ
̿ǵ߽ŽĶ
Ҫǰɣ
Ỻ档
ԭˡҶλͲȤ
ʲôλûȤ
÷൱ŵشһſ첽ܵԡ
ţûȤԶѽҲ
Ự˵ꡪ
أӮޣ
漴߸߾ų֡
ȵȣ
ȻæͼֹȴѸײڶٶ׳г
̿Ծͼץסͬǹһߵĳȴʵʡ
̿ǵ䣬̿ȿֺذȱ򳤽ȥķλ
ߣ
һˣͷҲصǰ塣һȭסȥ·һ̿ͣٳõ֮ʣӶһٳһȭ
ȡһ£
ȻżԶ̹ǹһ̿͵Ľţ÷ɨطסж˳׷ᡣ
ô͡
ȱܱ¶ᡣ
ɶ
Ǳ˵һµشȡ²䡣
ɵ۵ĵȶʱŴͣ仰ڡ
ô˵ոǰѳǣ
ֻС֦ԭ֦һˡҰ͵͵档
ʼ硣
ม
ֹĵЦ˳
ˣֽźÿࡣ
𽲳ֻĻ
ʹѹѹ÷Դ
ءȻܿ찡
÷ܱߵͷ

ﾭһСʱۿᡣٶȱееܵؿʼٹСʱһͬͣ½Ų
治׷Ӱ֪ܲ뿪ɭֺ󣬻ҰĵطϮɡĿǰΪ˶ǰѼٽòɿҲ˵
Ӫ𣬼ֵһСʱ͡
Ҫ
ߴϳ¼Ӳű˵
Ҳǡ˵ֻ׼͵ʱ⵽̿Ϯء
ȿ𤸽ϵţŬסЦ⡣
ûҲԵʹأ
һǲ
̫ģÿĥ÷Դ
ء
÷ʹְסͷ
˵òǡ㿾Űɣ
ὫŴΣʼڷͷĵسѯʡǲһΣǽαд̿š
ȻɲС
˼ˡ
˼Ҳǡ
еֻ࣬ҪͲ
һ߽ϵĸӲ嵽ǰº濾һ߿ڷ
ԭ˵쵽˾ͺãһֻϣڽ֮ڸϵ
ֹ÷˵ظ߾˫֡
޳ɣ
죿˵ô𣿡
һѯʣ漴ָԶ
ǾǰɪеĳضСҪ̶·ĻŵϾִܵ˰ɣ
һҲһͶչɽµƽԭ롣
ɪУ
ûұǹ壬ķһΪӲŻóǳءԳضȻҲԵøɡ
Ŷ
׶ĿõӴ˵
ܵҫĴǰչ΢ҡڡλ룬ɵ·пһ
һ޴ڳһǡ
ǾǳǱ𡭡
ǱȻɭеķǽȻͬö֮ؽƽԭϣ쵥޴󡣹ģһҡ
֮ܶǿˡǶҪร
·ͨƵؿһ˵ֻȼ÷飬ͬӦ
ˡ
˼ޣ
ĸ鼸ʱôð
ύһۣ漴һɬðĹӡ

2

һֱŵִɪС
һͨڽɫ뼰ССũ֮·̸ܵƺͻȻͽ۴αֵ֮ӡ
ô󰡡
һвʵ˵ɳϵ·תʯ·ĽֵСһ߲ط̾
Ҳֻµطร
Ц˵仰Ὺѯʣ
ļ󰡣
ȷģ϶Ӧıɡ
о󵽻ʧء
ڿԼ״С·࣬¥ߵլձʮխԴδסֵطԣдҵĸо
ȱùݲУҼǵӦǱߵĽֵϲŶԡ
ָŽֵתǴĵȡ
𣿡
ǰҸ˲̫ϲа
ʼͷһȦ
Ϊʲôأв൱Ȥ𣿡
÷ôʵ
Ϊܾ˿̫ˡ˵˼ԣҵǺϲҹĴม
ȻõȵĻشŲȻĿհףỹʣһƹֽǡ
뻹֪ĸطʲôȥùݶ˵ɣ
С㣬Եһ
÷綯׷ǰеĵȱӰеͽ־߾ٲں
ܱܶߵũҾӶ࣬Դ඼ľƽȻһ߽ʯ¥¥ߵĽ𽥶
խ̵ֵ꣬ռ·ƷҲСԵ꣬ζƮӿտҲᡣ
ֱֵǰȻ˳ӿڶĺ췢ȴʮۣҲѡ
ҪҪȳԵ㶫
ѯʣ÷Ҳ˵رʾ޳ɡ
޳ɣ˼ҶӶ
˵Ҳǡʱ仹磬ùҲٹһʱŻǰһĵط㳡ǸӦкܶҲŶԡ
˵ֵͷԲι㳡иʽĵҡ˲͹֮⣬Ҳзε꼰ꡣ
кöҮ
˫Ϊ֮һĲֻ÷ѣҲһһϸȷеҡ
Ҳװ̸Ӫİװרꡣ
װǰװصչȲɿרھİʯðװˮܡ¯ճϢϢ֮豸̹ǹ졢ۡˣаװ̹ľ޴֯˵ûװ̾޷ά˱
ɱ𿴵ۻรʹǮҲѡˡ
Ŀ᲻ԾƮͷĵڻʳռϷ硣ƾζʼѡļò͡
ڴʱȻӵðˡˡۡ
תͷֵҲѲͬһ
ˣ񣿡
ڹ㳡һСССݣǰһæˡ
รӭιۣƳǰ˵รʶ˵ˣ˳ҲûʹĳɣиӻչһλࡣֻҪʮ¾鵽˼磡ǱߵС㼰磬ʵڿϧ
ʮĺ͡
ѵ˵ǰѰ˵չʾ
ֹ漴첽ϡ
ȣ
ȥɣ
һ
һŲ÷æת׷ˡ
ȸ˷볡һʮ£ֱ߽
гʮϵĹڣһ·ǰšҲϡпŭǣһʹŶ̹ǹ㶼̱տڲ
ûãڱϣոԱ̨֪ΪΣڳڳһ϶Ůӡ
ǳлλݰֳ
ʸλڣڰ˵£˽أڹȥս࣬һܺ߾͵һȺˡ
Ȼ˵ӵв˼ѵǹսϺ֮𣿸λѵ֪ԵɾΪ
ǰҽΪֹλͰ˵ɣ
Աһ̨һԵòʮƽӡ
˵øӿ
й۵òأֻɫĻҵ˻Ƚ˧һЩ
ŮԹǷ׷׷д˽ɴ˿֪ǵ׻źڴ
ǰ𣿡
еѡΪһμӡ
ţٰ
ȵ˵ͷ
ֻҪϸ۲죬Լ𪡢ϸٶȰ˵ʵڹݣԭеĿòѲ
̨ϵİ˴ſ˫֣˫ۡһʱ֮俴κα仯ǵ𽥱
ʱ˵˫ֿʼԡ
âССУٻƮϯֻڲ֪֮ûɺȻ衣ϯʱ
ȻѰ˵չʾƷ
Ƚҧ촽˵
Ǿǰ˵ое㺮Ү
˵ֻǵ̶ȶѡΪȱٰ޷ʹǿǶֻ۷ˡ
˻ش֮漴һ˫ۡ
֡
ʲôְ
Ű˵еܲ˼ػʡ˿ûκı仯
ƲסԼ
ڵȻ˵ڵͬʱƮڰĹâͻȻǿ
ۡƯร
ǵĻ
˵¶еѵĽӲ飬ƺԼɵ󡣰תۻܣȻöԷ·Լᡣ
һ˲䣬ΪâøǿҫۣȴͻȻһ⡣ֱ̨ĹӾʱԣ׷׷
ǿбŷһƻ
ˣ֧ϵˣ
÷糶ɤŴ󺰡
źĹȻͼ룬ȴΪ˫ʱʧ϶ܻײֳøӻҲ
ʱֻ̨Ϊݲ߻˵ӣһץס㱵İ½
ôģιһﵽ׸ʲô£
ҡʲôҲûֻݡ
ݻֳô𣡣ʡ
Ӻݺݻ򰬶˵ȻͣڰСǵȳֿסֱۡ
ʲô
ȻҰѰ˵չʾƷ㵨ӻ治С˵ӴҲܵϸֹ𣿡
ûòã̱Ҳûʾκ
˼˵Ĭоǰɣ
ûҰ˱ͻáֻҪûŵڼﾡãܶһˮٳǼɡ̻׬⡣ȴһ
֧ˣ
÷жͷһ˲䣬ȳû̽Ӿˡ˾һֵӱգ֮ʧȥʶ
ڿ߰ɣ
ץס˵֣ƿ𽥱˳
㡢Ǿ˭
еİ˽ŲԲյظ˳
֧£񷫲·ήĻһƮϡӷĸ仺
´˵
ȳش𰬶ˣתɨһȦɧϵֳƷӣ̽Լ
ʿˡ
ʲô
ʵ
Ǹػΰֻ֯ҪǹģĶУܼ֯
Ǵׯ֮𣿡
ΣȴҡͷԷ񶨡
Զ̹ǹװԼ˼ֶˡ
Ŀһ飬ȷƷǵʶŶ̹ǹ
ڡ
Ǳˣվס
׼ƶ֮ʱͻȻ
ܣ
תӣȼһͬɱ
Ϊʲô˶أ
÷ܱ߷
Էûร
߱˰϶ʮɪ״÷һ١
ʲô
÷ع˫գת򱳺󶪳һ۷ۡ
ں󷽵ıΪ۷ҸŶҽ
йûòҮǵģ
÷ðɵس˵ִͶ۷ۡȴֹ
뱣Ϊл鷳֮˵ɣ
ȷϱ״׷ĸˣһΪ÷綪Ļ۷жٶȣʣˡ
˷һ·ܡ
Ȼ˺ܿۿ½ų̱ܣȼ÷ΪӱĽŲװĶƵ·ľþֶڳɹ˦˱
˴ҴææܽסլĳխŪͷһϡ٣ټ̫ҲղǸ谵Ҳױ˷ֵĳ
Ȼչְ˵࿴Ƿ𣿡
ǿӲڵ۵İˡ
һ֪ӵֻẦܵӾҵȺѰɣ
ָİƵػش
ҲʹðһθպñǸײҲ⶯ĳ棬ǿʹû취ֻýʩչ΢ķʽġ
㱻ץ˶ã
պꡣ
Ȼʱ䲻ôٹῪʼϻ˰
׼ͬʱҲвֻڲɥٹӲдһʱˡ
˴¼˫ŵ档
á
ȱ˵ߴͳ֧СͰװãǽһһ֧ɫâͬһ㻺Ʈһչ漴൱Եػָ
ú⼸֧װõȥɣ跨صร
ΪԸأûɣ
һؿŵȡ
Ϊжҡ
˻ش𣬲ðſסװá
֮ɱٱץร
ļͷİˣĿתעӡ
ҴϸܵһȻδѣȴһǿžΪܵǹǣŵҿƲסԼ
С£
Ȼʮ־ȵؿڷʣȴ̸һĨЦݡ
ɵģǲ˼OKɣ
Ӷ̬ѵᣬȻ󿪿ѯʣ
ǡܾƺ
ֻ
һ𰸣Ӷʱ˫ۣæҪϥݡ
ˡʲô֣
·ַӦеʮΪƵҡҡͷ֮Ϊ˸ı仰ʡ
ж
Ӧľٶ漴¶Ȼ顣
ôжڻб⸽ǻѲӣ㵽ڰɣ
Ūڴ̽ͷŴ򰵺źˡ

3

ɪ洦ɼȼĻ棬ȫ׼ӭҹĽ١һΪ˻Ͱڲֵ״ƽ뿪У˲ʱ֮ʣ̫ûƽ߾ͷ
ǵøϽùݲޣ
Ȼһڣֻ÷ֵŶ˵
֮ǰ˼ֻȳԵ㶫
¶ôѿıֻǽ齲ҵ״̬Ҳ൱ˡ
Ҳǳɧͣ˶ûԵ͡ټŮΪųڲԡ
үӣùݳԵɣ
ȱ˵߼ӿŲ
תкüùĽֵŸ̤Լһùݣֻͺͷùһȣ¶ⲻȥ顣
Ǹùݿˡ
зԿײ𣿡
ָ˱ЩԿ״ʡ
ùͨԿ׽÷ÿͣǰжٰԿף˵ӦþʹжټշŶԡ
ЩûõԿסǸ
ùͻȻʼʰԿ״
֮ô£鷳λȥùݺ𣿡
ίش֮һֽùѯʣȻȴһ
ô°
൱ĵػͷùݡҪǵȼʱֹ͸ùˡ
ƺ˿ⲻסùأ
ڶ𣿡
Ŀİ˳ɾɣ߸˵
ⷬǵ¶顣
鷳ˡҸطԷϾ¶ҰҲ޷ƻظոǸгһĵطʳҲã߻Գ԰
һʵĵȼ÷漴ۣ͵͵һͷ
ʱǰͻȻһͬɤ
Բù¶ҰⰡ
ԴʱĿࡣ
ֻһ估߶÷Ů·ϡ
̲סԼ״μʱǸ֮Ů뷨еΪ顣ΪνǮ˼ҡı׼վǰ
ϸׯˮĹµ˫۴ͬտɫʡ
һͷɫֱֳͣ׹̶еٲһԵüȹ
ٹġضΪһŮɣȾһ㵭ۺɫװԾ˿֯ɣֻװҫ۵Ĳùʡ
ټ뼰⻹бźüűʯĽָ˳ֳһӰ
ȻûκӰ
ȡ֮ʿࡣ
ӭλݰٰɪС
Ůؿڣ̬ŵ⡣
λƺŵӣλһ֮ɣ
λ
Եⷬı¶ŵѯʣŮȻЦŻش
ҽءɪ
даɪϣʹǿġ
ǵģҸ硣ҸǱλǴͬĸá
˵ʲô
᱾Ϊ˽гԼȫӦȴŮԳõ˵ŵôһ
Ҫᱣ侲ƵⶥĲูһ¡
Ȼ湲аλ磬ôҲ֪ӦнòŶ԰ɣ
ԭˡ˵Ҳԡ
δȷʶԼ״˼Ƭ֮˵ǡ
磬ָ̡
รá
ĶͿˡ
Ů˵֮װȹڣȻǷ
ĻλԸԸ⵽һأ

۲ͼ

ȥң
ôʵ
ǵġȻ˵һСξ룬ҼλĽ
˳Ǳ֮⣬㻹һԼķӰ
ǵġȻֻǼСּ˵ķӣѾΪλϴޣ
Ķ飬ȶʱĿ¶ŭɫ΢˫ۡ
׼ûܵأΪ˲ָʾùݱⷿҹ𣿡
ţˡ
Ķںش󷽳ϡ
ΪѵҪڵİùݣδʧ
¶ȻЦݵĶתᡣ
ãѵд˻дȻ˵߾ߡ
ͷ׼ϡȴץסֱۣ߽Ļ
ιԳá
ԷȻԼǴ˳ûкͼˡ
ȶСش¶ܲ㡹Цݡ
ǹˡ֪˵Դտջǵϸ
ʼ磬·شĶ·Ƶض˵ͷ
ôλ롣
Ķע⵽ǰһֱڰ÷磬΢΢ͷ¶顣
ѽλС㡭Һʲôطأ
ף°
÷ȷԼĳһ
ˡҶˡ
ĶȹǰУʿҲĬĬϡ
߰ɣ
Žֵǰƽཻ˳Ĵ·ɣ·ǰ߹ŪҪһϡֻһͣڽ·ڣǰϵƥһ̨дĺᡣ
Ƿ㲻˵ڴѾд𣿡
ῴŵѯʡ
ʾﻹµطĻҲֻڳǱǱ߲ſõɣ
˻ش̸ݼŵü顣
ˡ
ı仯ÿἰɪлǱʱǻ¶Ʊ顣
᲻ʵ˵Ŀأ
⣬ỹǾȵԼ¶˵
Ϊκ˶в֪˵£Լһ֪
һ˴ǰʮ·ִ̱Ķլۡ׶ȴ˵ϵذƽȡ
ǰ̲ס
ʲôСּˡļҰ
ҵ׸ôҼұȽǡĬĬƿڴ
԰֮еլۡһʹáǱҲͻأĺ
߶Ϊ¥ߣҲûмɨͣмΪһͥ԰͸ƹĴֱ಻ʤ
λ
Ķкˣͥ԰
ˣһɵլۡҮ
÷Խֹ˵
㲻ǽķ֮䲢ûʲô̫Ĳɣ
ǿǣΪ˰¶ǰĸоܶ𣿡
𣿡
ȻǰµĻûԷֻίݱתȥ
ֻίݡȴҹ˵˭أ
ء
ȵȷȷһ£÷粻ֱͷ
߾ϰɡ
֪
ǡ
ĶϸԴŲͬʽ̤լ֮ۡС
شϷһյ޴ˮƣųҫ۵İɫâ
ǰԿͨ¥¥ʢһ㳯ë޵ĸ߼̺
йߡʵ롣
ȫᷢŲɫе
׼͵á
ĶһԸŮֳӰ
һе˽Ҫиˡ
Ķͷ⣬漴ת¥ݡ
λ롣
ŮǵĴ첽ϡ
߾ǱۡĲ
ֻһִĿ룬һϸ
һѩɫĲͽͬʱ˺üյ̨˵ϯλ׼
ܾûڰ
ϵᣬһѰػռ䡣
÷ҲһֻƵСèһԭСɸСһšΨһƽضš
һȻϰֻ
ῴбĵȣд˸д
ûã׷׶ԳԵ÷˵沢ûжҩҩ֮ؿʼöĲ͵㡣ֻϳԲϰߵͻ֭гԵûԾˡɧ˵ֻҪΰ͸۵ζ͹ˡ
ͬɥһž֮˱ŮǴ¥䡣
ȼ÷סͬһ䷿ֻᱻڵһ䷿䡣
ڸԡңú;ƣ͡
÷Ůⷬ˷Ӧ¶ڴıѯ᣺
ʡ˼ҿԵϴ֮󣬹һò𣿡

⵽һڻؾ÷ʱù˫ա
Ҳλ׼˻ϴλ֮ٻ
ŮͱϹϾ˵һ֮󣬱ת뿪ֳ
ޣǧɽİ
ѹ˵꣬÷һ߽䵽ķ䡣
ʣԼһ˵ڴ򿪷ŵһ˲䣬漴Ŀؽŷ䲻š
̫ˡ
䷿ϼҵ
ѾҹȴԾͬһϸһλڷϰһյ̨ơ
յ˰װ𡭡
̽ͷҫ۹âȷһĨͬڵƹɫԣ̲ס̾
װùҲأ
װȻڼˮܻ¯Լ̹ǹȸֲͬ򣬵֮ǰֻùˮܶѡ
ԡİ
䷿䣬ֻд̡Ӽӣκν䶼ҲĶŷһţսսشһͷһ״ԡס
ԭˡԡ𣿡
ȴûˮһ״ˮͬĲˣһѹˮȻ
รͻðˮ
תۼͱͷµˮܳˮ˳סԡҡ
ᵱѹ·ˮԡס
һôˮС
Ȼú滺һģȴҲ̫ɡ
Ͼ͸зӪûʲôԲ֪Ķдһ˵⾿ΪΡ
ǽ÷ȥһºˣʱҲȥȽ׵һ㡣
˳ԡϴʪšˮɳϡŴŮ׼õĸ⻬ﲼϵĴмֱƶһֲʵһַ··ĸо
ص̨ƣ÷䰵֮󣬱㽫бֿɼĴߡ
һڰ
һȥݵ̸еѡ
Ŵ󵽲񻰵Ĵ̾ô˯źðֻһҮ
ֹѡ
ů
аڷĳů߰ɣĽŽӴһ壬һ
OO@@ضһ¡
ۣ
һæ뱻ѣһץ𳤽ҵӲ̨ơ
ֻѸOO@@䶯ͣ
ʲôˣ
磬Ȼʲôˣ仰δҲ̫䵭˰ɣ
ӱ˾ĶֻһϮ͸ı˯ۡŸտʼ˫Ӱ˵ķۺɫֵӳС
᲻ŲĿ⡣
ԵģĶǲڲڵ̧ͷͦء
ˣô𣡣
÷·ҪײƵذźڣں档˶û·
һͷʪ¶Ŀᣬ÷ʱͨ죬ΪĶһԸװ磬ͷɥظֳܴı顣
أǸλˡ
Ҫ
޾ɵ׼ȥ÷
ԭð
Ҿ˵ˣ𣡡
ٶȿڶ԰˫ͳһߵĵȴУ漴תĶ
ʲô˼
ֻ޷ĶŲϵλá
һоİ磡ΪĻģ֮⣬ʲôĿģ
Ķǿڱ˯۵µĲλһ㣬ֱͦЦ˳ȫ׵Цٶȶʱӿ졣Ϊ˷ֹ˲£ᳶɤŴ
ҲֻҪ̳λŻѳɣ
ҶλһȤҲûСֻҪȸ統Ϲҽ֮ǶͻԶ䵽ͷ
ɶ
磬С÷ǳĽࡡȻ״μ棬Сһֱ
Ķϴ̣ƽᡣ
㲻Լ˵ǰìܵ𣿡
䵭ؿĶһµس
ûࡣΪһжҵȫǺϰ
ʲô񰡣
ǰɣһйظʱ˷ܵòˡø׵Ļ˵òȶԲһ֮Ľ飬ĽϹʵǵ׻һŶôĹʵأǳʲôģأԭ˶ΪѾɥλ磬Ȼ
ϵĹʵ֡
¶ɵ۱ֹ˵Ķ̸ֳĸɫ
ѽ֪𣿳֮⣬ҲҲڶλɰ϶СҮҵռ󰡣
д£
ͷȷϴ¡
˵û԰֪Ĵˡ
ȫϾȵĻش𣬴ϵĶѾջħצƽ
磬ĳ˼ɣ
ڷʲô谡ǵϰͬһûɣ
ضĶ˵Ķһ˼ػʣ
ѽأýʷϲʲôϡ溱°
ҶʷһȤҲûС
ѽࡣȤĻҮ׹˷ѳɣҹսݣսУ⵽ͬһѽᴩǰˣ
Ķ˫۷ɫޱ
һйΣհ
ȫŵˡ
ɣ硣֮һͬЯ򱯾Ľְɣ
Ķ˫֡
¶Լȫ޷֮˵ı飬һѲֱۡ
ҼȲʲô飬Ҳʲô֣
ۣ䵭һҲȻĶ
˵ɴֱȥҿ᲻͵𣿡
Եȴɵ۱ʣĶֳֵһ̬ҡҡͷ
ŶŶвͨ
Ϊʲô
ȣλòһ㶼ԣԵе㺮ᣬǰλֻԼװ磬ܴأ
Ķһڣ÷˷ܵؿڸͣ
԰԰Ҳôã
ѽҸӦúܺϵࡣ
ţֻҪ˴˧װٰͷ룬϶൱˧
͵ĻֻҪøǰ·޸һ¾û⡣
𣡣ǾͰˣ
÷ȻҵĶԻ
ʱŲᶨֱɵ÷磬һţͷɥ˵һԡ
Բ
֮鷳͵Ϊֹòã
ɤӣۿĶ顣
ðɣѵõնѾ˰

۲ͼ

հ
Ʋ߲뿪̵Ķͬʱ¶޾ɵ鿪˵
磬һһΪӪһٿ˵ҹĿԴ
˭Ŀԡ
еͻȻס
ԭżĶ˫ֻסľȻԼķһԼ˫
ᱻͻľٶŵóٳ޷Ӧ֮ʣĶѾɿ˫֣ǰ˿
ޣ硣
ĶһãȻؽס漴ʧڷŵһˡ
ˡ
÷Ȼעᡣ
ֻҪǱҧһھͺޣ
ο˵
ǱˣСҸһ㶼⡣
Ʋ촽ŷ·ʲô¶δƵתȼ÷硣
ܼʱǰһæ
ţΪС˵ԷҪ֣Ŀ϶ˣϼӽ䱸
ȫûϵʩչ˼ơ
˵ҮֱǱͶעⷿڶ̬һ
뿪Цһ˵û뵽ȼ÷羹Ʋ
ιļٵģ
ɵˣǲûôкòá
ʼ硪
Ҳ֪ô
÷򷢳ӲЦ˾Ųᡣ
Ϊ÷˵ܵҴ̿Ҫ¶ֵĻһ׵塣أֻ˳㣬֮Ͱˣ
ЦŴԺ̡
ม
˴Ҵææ뷿䡣


ȷʵؽ֮ŻصߣƿޱαҲûÿˡ
ǹˡ
̾˿ص̨ƣٶ
ֻȴǲϰߵޱ۵촽иǹѣٳ޷硣

4

簲Ǵˡ
һ͵ŮɤС
ѵĵȴһԲĵһƱ
׼Ǹֽҡ
ǡǳǸ
ŮһϹ̿첽˳䡣
ŮͷƢҲ޼°ɣ
ȡ֮سĵȲЦϴĲзװĶΪ׼ĸ߽ڿһۣ漴¶顣
ôԵú׺Ү
ʧһ
ߴձ߳ش
ҶˣһǵĹϵǸòĳǰɣ
Ȱ뿪Цѯʣϰһش
ô׳ǣ治˼ร
Żºݻģȶʱ¶ˡı顣
ļٵģ׳ҲþͱȽ
ҲҪͬ顣
ͬ飿Ҳ֪ҲܻͬڹƲ̸ǸôɰŮǺܰ𣿡
ɰ񲢲ص㡣ԷҮ
Ǿ͸֮ĽǾ͸кûɶ
ԭֿ
̾˿ֱ컨壬ŷ´
ã͵ûǼ°ɣ
ٶȻ졣
Ų׷ԡҵᱳӰͬʱ̾˵
ƺѾ׼รô죿
žɳɳһˮУžͿëʪܵӱ߻ҡ
ȻҪԡæɣ
߻شߴɳϴõ··ûɡ
һû㣬ô
ȥǱ߽տȡĽͨߡ
ѵǿӲսء
һؿŵȡ
𣿡
ȿӦԣȴ¶ټĽӲ顣ܹڻᲢδ׷ֱתƻ̸һ⡣
ȸ㶨º󣬾ǰǸϰһȭ
㽲ÿɣǸǱɪǽȻͬҮ
ȿЦҡҡͷȴһ߽̯ĴԱߣһ赭д˵
˵ѣһҪֲ˶ı䡣
˵Ҳԡ
Ⱦȵ˫ۣЦһ
Ҳɫࡣò͵ͬһطԡ
Ǹһض仰֮󣬵ȱת뿪䡣
ɫָɫ
޷ıֹһŮ׼ĳ߳䡣

ȡ÷ԼĶӰѳڲڡ
簲Ǹˬ糿أ硣
Ķ·ǵʲôƵչ¶Цݡ
硣
ܲתۿĶӦϡ
ǸտõԲͼݮԼŸ֭ζ߲˼ɳȻ򵥣ζȴԹĶͬľǹ
ˣҪͿô𣿡
һͿϣ÷粻˫ۡ
һγԵôĶ
ҲסЦ⿴żֻڳԹᡣ
磬ʲôԤƻأ
֮˶˳ûʺɫˮϣĶ漴ˮ߿ѯʡ촽΢΢鶯Ǽµһʱ֮Զԡش
Ǵȥһ档
λҸ𣿡
ҪֻǷҵһʾʡ
ѽԭѰ
Ķ²̽Խ档
Ķбƿߣ͸ǰĴ⣬ȴĿһ⾰ٿȻ
һ¡
ƹ첽ǰ
ʲôⰡ
ֻֻ޴ƥլۡƽ
ԣҪ˵ƥֲ̫ԾΪûͷ
լۡȽϵĻ߶ȴ״ҡƥֻŶӲرǰڶǰƽ
ǻڻϵƺǿĴ¡
վᱳŴģĵһ˵
ĪǾȡʱнͨߣ
ûǡ
ȵķԵе㲻ɲࡣ
ǲǵȫװսǰͻǸڣװ׿ƺҲܺ񡣿˳ɻ൱鷳
Էǵ鱨˰ɡ
ѽǵģΨʱ򣬶رأ
תͷ򴰻Ķֳһû취ģ̾˿
ԭʹڴ˵أֱִΪֹ𣿡
ɫϾصĶĶĸӦ
ҿǻˣֶεŮ𣿡
ҵ㿴ǸΪĿĲֶεŮҮ
䵭Ķ漴¶ӱĿصɵȡŻϲЦתͷᡣ
أ
á
ʼնŴ䵭ؿڻش
䵭ࡣ
Ȼ֪ͱҡ
ǣɫҲǳ
Ķ΢Цᡣ
ڼ䣬зӵԳӡ
ʮ̨սûפͥ԰ǰټڻǰʮ
ɳһ֧йСľأôһҲǻһͷ𣿡
ǸǵóڶԷ֮ϣͰ಻סӵĹ̥
˽أ˵һҲû磬һ̸ʤԣǣһͬɣӵľͷ˦׷ǽϵĹʵ
Ķ˷źͼǣ֡
ԶҼˡ
Ҳ֪ںʱӽֻ÷飬̵ֳֶĶľ
һΪȤͶ̫źˡ
ĶƵĸۣˡ÷״Ķ˿
ֻҪ˵Ըһ뿪λŮһͬȫ˵ࡣ
˭Ů
Ȳĵط÷Ҳһ˰ٵظ߾ȭͷ󺰣
ûòǳ
÷磬ص
¶͸Խı̾²ۡ
ô磬ôأ
÷Ķڵᡣ
Ҿܾ˳Ҳֻ˵ҪҰͷϰɣ
ҲûͿڻش
ѽȻͷܾҵ飬ɼʵڱó氡
治˼ร
ּѰ·ɫʵҲأһͬķǰɡ
ˡҿû˵Ҫطร飬ʹ֪ȫլۡķɣǿӲֶร
ָʶ԰ɣ
÷ô˵ţĶ̸ֻ顣
ʡ˼˵׼Ұñ޴ȷʽӲ¶鱨ޣȻҽϵĿԨɥʧ֣⵽ǡ
㵽Щʲô
һɵ۵س˵
ȱˣڿ֮ᷢǰǸǺá
ڵȱ߿̽⶯߿˵֮ʱ
С㡣
ȱͻȻһɤ
˻ͷһֻһӽСŮϥء⡣
ĸӼ÷һģһһ㡣ϴͬ۵ķװҲͬһѶ̵
ѶϢ
̧ͷŮ׼Ķ̸ȴȻ˫ۡ
÷磡
㣡
÷Ҳ൱شһ
۾Էģͺһ澵Ӱǰһ༰ӰΪƣֻŮսΪϸҲԵüһЩ
㣿
Ὺѯʡ
λǴһ÷㡣
ڸʲô㲻ǽһݹ𣿡
÷ŮͻȻı
ǰΪΥԼ涨˴ȣȥԼȻҾ͸ˡ
ԭˡӦɱĿִ涨ֱĿȣԱǰίסԼǰɣ
Ա߳ߵͷ÷᲻̾
а취⣬֪Ҷ㲻еĺ塣
ΪҵѾͷĽ㵱˼
÷ֺرֳ׾١˼
ˣܾǽ˵ʽǽȻͬأ
Ϊ÷Ѿ÷ңڱĵطס˺óһʱ䡭
÷㵽м㰡
ǼҹãСôá
ԭˡ
״˵ͷ
÷ûܳ˶԰ɣ
÷̧ͷᡣ
ûร
ʧ𣿡
˵ܹ൱߸ࡣ
ҵһ£ֻ̫ѷѰɣ
ἰ÷ԻУ÷̾˿ڴֱۡ
Һûңֻɫɱޣ
ǽҲûޣΪĺ
Ŷ㻹ͦ
ش÷һ֮÷漴ϥĶǰ
Ʋ̸´˿иĿǰ
ȻòҲõݣɣ
˵֪˵ĻѪǱߡҺĵʮӣ˽ܾҪ򳬹ʱƵĺһŲ踺𡣡
ȷʵǸ˵Ļÿζ
ĶеʮȤطɧ
ô¸ˡ
÷Ķ׼뿪÷״æıӰ˵
ίǿ𣿡
ûҽΪУҿ㵽׳ɳ˶ٰɣ
÷һӦ漴ת뿪䡣
㡭
÷翴ŽӰȥķţֹһ
ܾҪ޳Ļƺͻء
ʼʾ˰˼򿪿ѯʣ
ǸʲôĽأ
ݵ÷֧ʵػش
ǿҲĽ㣬ɢ߸ĸо
Ҳ˵ֶһѲĶǰɣôأ
߸Ŵ̽Է
һ۵ĵЩȡ
ܿأ
пܸеİ
ǹ΢ЦҮ
𣿡
ȵƴ֮Ϊȷ϶ִԼ͡ƺԼҲû״𵭵΢Ц
״һ㶼ȤȻϡ鵽һɴʹٵĿܸУȷʵǸʵ
ⲻЦ϶ֻµǳ鴤ˡ
ЦԼ֮ת÷硣
ȷϹլۡĻ𣿡
լۡһɭ֣ľ̫ߴΧǽ߶Լ״ҪԽȥ⡣Ⱦһޣ
治򵥣ǳ
ȭͷĥ÷Դ
ء˿佱ҸҷƢķʽһء
¶ӱ飬÷绹ǿĵḧͷ
ȻоӦǿ˵أܲӵԶ˰
һſĶһۡ
ǸļһﰡװԼõʲô
ҷ
Ҳ˲ٿͷأ
ĶͷĽ㷢
Ķ˲¶ų飬һƿ˫ѹס˿·ȷϸдƵػŲָ
ȻܲĶķӦֻרעŻĶС
ֻҪܶӳܸıơ
϶Ǳߡ
ȶıӰ˵
һҲûǸĻȷʵƼˡΪԼڰȫȴǸ簡
ֻǸСҲ˵ڳޡ
Ӧ漴˼
仰˵ĿǰǱǱߵرʮֱ԰ɣ
㷢ͻϮ𣿡
֮ǰӳ˵زС
ôӣ
ԵȵѯʣָĻ
㱾նԲԣǾ跨
ô򵥡
Ȼõ
ĶĻĨȥ˴ȵһǡ
һ֪ͨصֻҪԽͨɴλլۡ뿪լۡ仰˵ֱӵı϶
ϸ𣿵˵ǰͷҲ̸ร
һ˵ֻĶһεҡҡͷ
ȻȺڻķѵ飬ͬĸСȴһ֪ΡҲѸᣬ飬Ҳ޷̸˵˰
˼òá
ɫ԰׵سһ֮Ųȡ
˽𣿡
֪
ܺãˡ÷Ҳûɣ
ǵģˡ
˵Ļشеص˵ͷ֮¶Ҷˡ鲹˵
ˣ֮ǰ⣬·ԻȻܺ޷ս
ڳ۵Ǽʸл·ĶֻȼĶͬʱ㶵ؿᡣ
˵ʲôֵĻɣ
Ķһ˰ٵضԲ֪˵
磬˯̷Ը׼

ǹˡô˯°
·ͼƵر߷ɧ߻Ϊ׼ķװȻٴλص
ǺôҲһ
ұΪ֪
ȱסЦǸ
Ŀ֪˯ʱصػ˯ºòá
൱ࡣ硣
ỻһװĶʮص˵ͷ
𣿡
Ǿò̫ϰߵضͷ䡢°ڣԵò̫ڡ
ȫû⣡
÷кá
ֻҪٽͷ룬չֳ˧һ桪
붼롣
ϻش
ءÿϧࡡ
÷Ӱ
ǣһͱñǰҪÿ˰
·װһɫƤöɵĺƤĿĽ㣬һùҹʡ
·ǿĻͦʱķװ
νĻͦʱʲôʱ°ڵױʲôģ
ǰɣĿǰģʱ֪ޣ
˵Ҳǡ
Ựһ˵תţĶıӰ˵
ζҪϸս𣿡
Էô˵ˣҾҲⲻⳡͻ
ֵܾΪҶĿɳ𡭡֮ϵһְ
¶ɵ鿴ʹ޵Ķ
ٶ໨ʱҲ޷ɣ
һشԹԵĶٴο˴һ۵˵
߰ɣ

5

ɴǰɵִĿĵޣ
ҵĶԸܼҴ򿪳صľƸǰ塣
լۡмֿ⣬ֿڰ˴ڼϵơ򿪻ҳĸǰ壬ֻһӡµĿռһƬڰȫûκιߡ
һȴԶȴŲ֪ܷƽˣǱ
Ҫɱ
᲻˵ؿ²¶Ķ
ʹֻʣҲܷġһԶֽΪͽ֮³ԣҲûܹԽְֽ
߰ɡ
Ķϻ½ݡ÷綯ɿظϣĵҲβ¡
ףλһ·˳硣
Ķһ˵꣬Ըܼҹϸǰ塣
ǰ巢֮ҰһƬڰ
ٶһва
̲סɧɤصխĵصС
Ҫǰޣ˲̫Զࡣ
ӺڰΪ÷翪ʼǰַǽڸں
۾һоͻҵ
ʹͬһξ룬߾ǻطĸоҪ
ҲĲؾԼѾ˺ܳһ·
ͷˡ
÷ʹͣ½ŲڱĵȽŲҲʧ
Եһࡣ
ߴ÷ִǽڼذ
ˣ
ŲĳһϡĽײ
һӣȥӡ
˵֮󣬽Ų
ҵǰˣ΢򿪿ࡣ
÷죬߶ʱͷ䡣
ͨˣ۰
ֻʴһ÷æӻصص·
ô𣿡
·Ү
ɶ
ھȺ
˵պλڻӵм𣿡ôʵ
ǵģ
Ҳ
ף
÷о֮ʣѾҵӲʼ
˴״ңǰ壬һƣŷǰϵسءὫǰԿĸ߶ȣ̽ͷ۲
÷˵ĽžǰլۡӰ档
һ߼ҰܿϷլۡĲ״̬˼λá
棬žڵڶŰɡ
ƺûпԲ鿴·ĴӦפڻǰŶԣֻҪԷͷ˾ͺѱ˷֡
ãϡ
·ˣŽǰƸһԡص̷֮ſڵϡ
Ľųϵسŵĸ߶ȱ߻ҪһЩ
Ҳ˵վͷҲûײ岿λ㷢սʿǻɵͨҲ˵
ֻ֮ҪȥռΪоˡ
Ժи뷨֮ʱ
ô򵥾ͱʵҲûж
һĸʧɤ
÷
æơ
ռһС᷽ɵλá
ֻ˹Ŀ࿴أ
÷ֳСվڻűߡ
ڵϵС߾ע÷
С൱⣬ֳԼʮɪ״ҵıƽ״ͣβ˵ɪ״⣬ಿֽΪй졣
ͶСıΰ汾ɣԭסСӦսʱüͷ
ǿϧҪ֧СѶȿǷǳ֮ร
ͼ÷ؼԵơ
˵Ҫһ׽Ҳɱ㣬ܷİɣ
÷һչ¶ЦݣһС֡زÿ֧СĶֱ͸ħû

۲ͼ

Ҳ׾ͱס
ΪӮ𣿡
÷Ŀ¶׹Ȼһɣ漴첽ֱ
ִٽ⿪ҹʴǰ͸֮ǰԸ÷һģһϱֱĽʾ
ҲŲĹĵ֣
÷ƾҽŽżڽǰˣϸһĨЦʣڰз˸һӵͰռΪ֡
һ߿ٷʣȻʹһǺ
ɨڰе÷ู
⵽ѹˮƽɳ÷Ųķʽ˳ƽϡ
㻹
ݲȵֹ÷ת򱳺˲ֻҼʳһ˿Ѫ
Ȼأ
üͷۿԼָָͷ渡һϸСѪߡΪͶСָͷ
㾹˿ڡ
ȷϳѪ״÷ٿȻ˫ۡ
ɱ
һ÷̸߾ٲڱСȻᡣ
Խʵ¹
ֻһɳسӭϮɸӽСǿ
ǼĽС˰ɣʱһ
˫ַ飬Ҳֵ䡣
ѾͷòȻƣȻ÷Ȼͬ
÷Ķе죬ʹȫƿʣӶػ͹ơ
ȻʳַҲ伫ޡ
ϵʵļӲȣ󼤰
ΪβϰγƲҰ
÷ֻһζصᷢŭ
Ĵ󺰡νֻẦҸ޷Ӧսʱ˹ơ
Ʋ
÷סС׼˫ۼ
ĿϾķɿٶȡ
С뱳϶Ϊһ޴ӱʶ
ֻڲִٶµǰײһ𻨡
㣡
÷źԾս֧Сǰ
÷׼Ͷĵڶ֧С÷׳Сپһɱ亮ϼ
ִҪɱ˵Ļɱ˵
÷ſ˫۵÷֮䡣
ãҾԸ
÷ˮؿڻش漴׼÷һ֧С
÷绹ӦȻӽС
Ҫʲô׽ɱϷ룡÷磬£
ˡ
˫۽÷ŵ÷˵
÷һ𡪡
ɱ⣡
÷߷ֱ
ץ׼÷е˲ǰͼһɨȡ
˭֪÷·ϵһԾϷ׳С
еëȻ
÷Ĺκһ˿㯣ȷʵµأô򵥡СȷҪ
ҪɱңӦҲԲ궵߰ɣ
룬һҲͣĸ԰ɣ
ѻ൱ȷȻҲӦԡ
ýʵСסؿڲλתܿüĶСͬʱ棬ƴԾУٰڶһֻλϷ÷β
÷ʱһ˵ݴԶ
㾹ƨɣ
һԾ÷سᡣ
ҷɱ㲻ɣ
÷ʹӶС
뷽ŽȻͬ׼©ٳĹʽᷴеѣǹġ
Ȼ÷ȴ߷
ι侲һ
÷ѳɥʧǣصᶼ̲סͼȰľ硣
ƹĽŲ㿪÷еĶ̵ϡһнš
ӿǳڴ˵Ҳ촩˰
еĵһ˲䣬ʿźС

ص֮ʱ÷Ѵ֡
һȦס״Ȼδ٣Ҳֻʱ⡣
ɵ跨ٶһʱร
һ漴ɱƵһֻߡ
ǰ֮⣬漰Ҳһȴʿ͸⼸ȴΡ
·ҲˣʿϼӼӵĻӦþܴӲ洰ȵӰŶԡȴǺ޶
Ȼɢ㰡
в±ʿǵ񡣵ȻǵӰ˳ûϵݱսɣǿ϶Ҳû뵽Ҫúü
ҷֵɾˡ
ЦݣٽſϻŲͻλȻ쳤ֱץסõӣһ˳ƳŸӡ
ϻı֮ʣбǰĻ΢΢ζһ¡Ǳýʻе÷һŻĽŲ¡
촩أ
һûšһ˵սòţӦҲбĴ򿪲Ŷԡ
û뵽ž˵ͱƿ
ȼ״ץסʹ򿪡
Űγ̹ǹһ̽ͷȴ֪¶ֻգ˫۵ʿ
簲
ȶԾʧʻյʿչ¶Ȼ΢Цһѽ»ϻʻڡ
γҡ
ڲڵĲԱ˵ӦóʿŶԣȴֻˡѹûкúִм״Ķ
ԱȻֱֱŵȣǹƷ粻ض׼ԼǷֿʿγԼĶ̹ǹǹݽ
ǹҡ
Ⱦٽŵ˳ŵذ廬űߵĶ̹ņ̀°ָ档
ȥ
Ախʻϯǰһ뻹ΪعԹţû뵽
ﰡ
ַ߷󺰡
һ࣬ʻϯͬʱסǰĿƸ
Ȼζһ£ʼˡ
߲ŸϷһǰʿˤȥĳ档
ͽоȡ
һ߲ݻˣһƵƸ˿ʼתڱһ߲Ųֻţһ߸ı䷽˶ٶȿ˵ļ١
ᡢ÷磡
ȶС
һʿĽŲʿæתͷӳеڻŵµἰ÷
ʿĽű߿϶ӿ
ҲΪתʼƶŲ㱻Լ߷ɵʿǷ׷׳Ա
ֹû
·Ѿ쳬ͼƵض÷
ðɵ÷ĻشһƷֱµĶ̵ն
ٷֵĹԷԵķʽܿ档
ֱӣ
÷ڵصᡣ
״ֱ˫УЬ׸պ÷̵߾ٹͷȫʧȥؿڡֱͦȫĵ˳ߣ÷ĽСôɵر߷ɳȥ
÷ıײϻŲֻҡҡλε˵
⡢㾹ýҵزҾĲ
÷ŵĻͻȻ̧ͼǰƽ÷β߸ţֱӷС
ˣڿߣ
÷ץ
˾ʱ˵ȵĽ
첽λ̨תĻ÷޷ֻܲϷʹ
ǼһҪҪ
ŲֻΪС˾ͳˡ
е㵣ĵؿʣ÷ػش
ٴȷ÷״̬֮ϿʼƶĻŲɵ岿λ򿪲Żʻա
һΪϲˡ
ڼʻϯĵȳ˵
˼е㵢鵽ˡ
߻ش߻׶ȼʶĻڲ졣
ܸ߶ȰǵðڳƲɵĳ̶ȣȻһܷ֣ʵҲûʲôѹȸпԡ
÷ڼ䡸ˡ֮漴ֱͦӹϲš
ǸͻȻת䣬Ҷʱֽš
λڵȺ󷽵ϱ߿˵
ǸнҪƨɻزĻŮԣҲᱻҽͰơ
֣
˵Ļٻʣ°
ȫ˰
ϸֳӲЦݡ
Ŷβ
һ߲ݻһ˵
Ҳûߵ󡭡ؿҲС
ʲô桢ĲҪ𡭡һͻúܿ¡
÷˫ָŲ԰գϷ
ģҲûްɣ
ỷӻڲռ䡣ΧڲȻխȴҲκλ⵽ϮĴ
÷㲻һ𣿡
ʣֻ÷Ǳͨ죬֧ʵػش
硢˵Ļ˼ʱԡ
ȷֱ߿Ƹˣżͷ÷ز
·棬Ҳ֮ܿżԵĲࡣٿȻ˫е۾׳һ仰
˾ͺá
סƸˣƺ̫ĵɤ
Ҫޣ
Ųʵذ¿Ƹˡ

6

ͻȻ𶯣ȻˤαϡŸվ֣ͻȻաĹͣκ˲㱻˦ǰ档
ร
ǰ˵ᣬæץסǰļʻϯΡ
ʧˡ
һ࣬Ƹ˰ԭλ
ιιιӦûɣ

ȶʼ硣
֣òһβݻɣ
Ȼǵһΰѧؼס˲ʽԲ
ոǽв𣿡
û˶ԲԣǾǱ
ȾеᷳؿڻǺסƸˡصֻǰ˰
·ָƽһŲŲʼǰ
ȻֻҪƶƸ˾ͺá
ƿƸˡ漴ӿнٶȡ
ҡûҮ
ֱַץסαǽͻ
ʱʱעҧͷܿ˵ôֻտյ»ζͣĻҲԳƲʡ
ҪζƴԹʺ
Ц˵
𣿡
ΣűһֱϲС
ͺܰ
᲻üͷ
տʼʱɴڲʹҪءɲô׼ԦĽͨߡ
֪֪ˣҲãһ֪˵ܼ
򵽵ָժ뿪ׯʱ˵Ǿ䡸Ҳƥķԣ漴ʵǸ
֪ܸľͺá
ʦԭ±ѧĶһ˵ͷ
ں濴ᣬֻĲݷʽƺҪ򵥡
ֻ͸ǰСۿ棬ĿƸ˴ǰٶȣٿǰĲݸ˱任򼴿ɡֻҪոļٶᶼа취ԦҲ˵
ʹ˳ǰͺˡ
ȲŸֹꡪ
׷ˣ
עź󷽴÷̷󺰡
ͷһ͸СԿںĹ⾰̨̨ɣ
ٿһ㣡
󺰵ͬʱҲ㱻Ȼ󷽡ԭǻнٶȡ
Ȼһʱ֮˲࣬˫ȴС
ɵ𣿡
ͬض￹顣
ûòҲûôغ𣡡
˼Ҳûô
ʿ߻һɣ
ʿ
ԭ̨ʿûɣпǵĳ档
˵ʱ߸÷ֻע⵽ߵ𣿡
Ȳػͷᡣ
ţôֵôСֵ𣿡
״£㻹ܱ˴ݵ˼
治ˣ÷ҲȲأ
÷ֽкã᲻Ϊץץͷ
ѽʵǰһֱ˵עɢ
Ӧòôһ°ɡ
ڵ¶ɵ֮ʱһȻϮ˵Ӷ类ײǰƵǰ㵹
׷ĻԺչײ
޷𣿡
ץӶź󷽱߳˵
ֻ䱸ǰ
ǲǳ˻У
һٶϮǿҳһ¶üͷ顣
ֻǻ˵ʼղϿأ
ΪǺҪĻǲŻᾡܵزݻɣ
ײҮ
ֻװװݾͶ
÷緢йغ׷鱨
Էֳ·ˣ
ֳ飬㷢й
ץޣ
ȷУƸصס
ร
λǰ㵹Ȼһͷײʻϯ
߿
ƿһͷײԼǰᣬһŲݸҰ⣬һץסƸǰơֻ㣬׵ر˦ǽϡ
ô찡
ǽڵ󺰡
ҪǰǱ԰ɣֻ˳ŵ·תˡ
ɵѾװõƽ̹·ϡ
оִӱ׷ˣ
÷˵
⻹׷ĵоֻ·Ϊխݲ̨ʻ
Ҫ˳ִĿĵؾͺˡ
ʱͷһʲôײ컨Ƶĺ¡졣
ʲô
ȸŴ̧ͷϿ
һɲԤС
̧Ϸ֮ʱͻȻССһΪһʵԴƣǰ档
㡢㣡
÷ʱС
ڴ÷γ̵ձλʼô
άǸģ
÷˫۵ᷢᷳѵ
Դβؿڱߵļ״̬
ڶεĹ´ѣƬ׷׳ŵй¡
÷ͼӴƿʻա
ˡ
ôխĵط÷ʵֲ̫ܽ÷紦¡
ᵱ쳤ֱۣλڼʻϯԱߵĿƸԭʼ״̬
Ȼͣ½Ų˶ܵӰǰ
ǰ÷Ҳ⡣
Բȵʸڴڵ÷ɿ׻ش·ϡ÷棬ץסƸǰơ
ô÷ǰۡ
㣡
÷æӺ󷽴
ǼһҪҪ
ȻѾǲû׷
÷˿Ƶػشѯʡ
𡭡
Ըˡ
ڷӭ洵ļʻϯ
黹ûһร
˵кų̈Ժ׷
ȻˣҲֻܾܶӳޣ
û
ѹŲݸˣŵ·ת
·ֱǰתܿǱ
ǰȥ𣿡
ǰɣ
Բ̸۴µ̬Ӧ
Ȼ׷ᣬûзļһɲരǱ

Ƚݸѹ
ת˲䣬Ǳ漴ǰȴ̨ʮʿſڡ
ĵģһ̨ԹԲ֮ҫۻƽװζɵĻҪӴ֫ҲԵüȴ׳ȶ
ˡ
δ꣬ȶֽݸѹͼƻԱӿ
Ȼת
תзչ
һԶҲһľ죬ǰװǰںȻڡ
ἰ÷ͬʱʻϯ
ǿҳֱ˶
ᱻ˦ұ߽ǽϣֵڱϮᡣ
ת;еĻβ˰ڵĴִһ·ƵӲתһȦֳԭͼȫ෴Ҳͷұߵʽͣ
춯
Ƚݸ˰ԭλٴסƸֱƵס
Ͼ޷Ӧ
ô£
ѯƶƸ˵ĵȡ͸Ҳരһۣ漴ֹͣ
ˣȥ
ȴ֮ʱ÷Ѷƿš
ˣ
÷ڲſڵȴᡣ
ҲҪ߾Ͷˣ
ᱧ÷͡
Ŀģպǰ̨ڵĳ档ֱԼֱ۲ֵľ޼ֱ׼Ŀ꣬Ǽʻϯ
ȣ
ź˲䣬޼ѴʻϯĴƻ󴫳ܵǿ𺳡
Ȼͼؼʻգ÷ȴץסֱۼֹ
Ǿ߱ܰɣƽ̷˵ڶơεľѻĿ겢ǻ塣
ھ޼˵ĻǰŹؽڲλ˲䣬ԸܵűȻΪ֮һΡ
ǰ㵹ɻϳŲɱȥŲһԾ÷Ҳϡ
ŵصͬʱ˳ǰĻ쳾ɳȻءɱ
ԭû°
Ҵ÷ƵĴ˳˵ǧһأ㵣𣿡
ЦŻشĵȣ̲ס
ҵȻ㣡
ķƮ̬ŵõ˫ֹۣһ
Բ
ȻһǹֹʤźǰĻƽɫǱߴС
֪˰ɣ̨
ǿᡭ
ȶʱüͷ
Ǽһǿй
ںᵹڵϵĻ棬ӶԷӰ
ƽԵñҪࡣ
ô룬˳ɶɣ
ʱλڻϵĲӦ
˵ĻԲͲոǣƽĲȴƬβոǳƵػ򿪡ոǵ
ֻһ¶ϰӳڲſڡ
ۡǼһ
̲ס
ÿร
÷Ҳֹ˵
ҲѹĶСѡҪһ𰡣
ĶǾ䡺λòһ㶼˵һҲûĳôҲƲϿſڵĶӡ´˫ա˲ױŵѵķװе˷ʵȫֻ곤ꡣ
ȳزĻͷæͼֹ
ι
ֹĵ˫վڻ棬ͬʱɤŴ󺰣
㻹ǱĿȫأᣡΥ꣬ԡӦû˰ɣ
˭
΢΢ǴַʵĲӣ漴˫˵
һͷ췢òǶȡ˹ɣ
ŷ³
һڻش𣬿Ц
û뵽ȻšȫӦŶ԰ɣģʧ٣ڵֱŮɱ
ҲȻǰе֣ûϵȻһͷأ
Цºݻ
㡢˵
ҧгݣɳݷ伷ŭ
ɱɱǸŮˣ
ɤ¶һȻı鿴ſᡣ
һΪеɳ˹Ȼıأ
졪
·ͼԽлǵȵһ㣬ɤŴСС
ɱɱ
ֻŻʮʿһֱ
ɶ񡭡
ֳֶ̹ǹǰʿǣ÷ǰͼ
ոû˵һΡԲ𡣡
ɻһԾµĵȣ֮˵ⷢǣᶨǰĵȱӰ
ǣҺܸôҵİΣ
żͷ¶΢Цĵվǰ˫ֳѶ̹ǹڳӦսơͬʱСԵ÷˵
÷磬԰ɣһ򰵺ţóоһḺӦս鷳û˵ء
ιʱ㻹˵Щʲô
Ϊе£ԾĹľ氡
ͷӦĵѺۿ
ҸйһЩĹڣֻи𡣽ȴԸΥ㱻УĺܱǸ
ȵͷǸ
㡭
Լ˵ȡ
һḻܹ侲Ӧ̬ˣֵӡ󡣵ǻֻǵͼװһķò
Ȼٶ˵ЩʲôȻоӳȴһֶʿǷʩ

жӰΧסһ˵ʿ׼յĶ̹ǹ
һ˲䡪
ס֣
֪δһ󺰽
ͬһ˲䣬жٿȻֹͣ
ȷܵжü˻
ܿۻ̹ǹָԶ̹ǹ򶼿һڱ˵ǱܿߣҪץסҲ⡣
ȼ÷Ҳͬĸо
죬ȳ˵漴ѹӱֳ
ʱῴˡԽֵһǳİ˵ؿڲ֧صӰǰȳж
ܵߡ
ڲѾ˲ݵĻص촫С
ڣ
̵ָ󺰡
֪֪ˣ
æж
÷ӻȡʿǡڶݵһ˲֮󣬰ɫŨ̳ʱըٶȻɢ
ҰȾһƬѩ׵У첽ܽխжڱ档ֻؿڲһ֧̹ǹ
ոյô£
ж
ȿжӦнŰװõƬʾжǰ뿪ʱİװȫ飬аһͷš
Ȼôľٶ
ιһ㰡
Ĵжգ΢΢۾
ƽ𣿡
û¡Ϊʲôûӻؾذ
ҲֻԼȴŵµĹվ
жһϢؿڻش
ΪδҶʶң
Ψһһɰµĺӡ⣬ֻҪݼݱܿ֡Ϊʮǰ̹ŵ¡һǵñŵ±ڻеô
¶һĨЦݵжͻȻȫΡѪᴥơ
Ǵˣءȡˡ
ʧ³һ֮ж漴ʧȥ
ι
æںְָ˵ľ˵
ˡ
ûбҪΪô
ŭƵֹһ֮˰˵
Ψһҵģؿ̫ģɡ
̲סЦͷ
ҪûˡӴž͡
ʱɤС
Ѿȫ⵽ΧҲ·ޣ
תͷ󷽵᲻ͷ
ôӰ
һΪխӴܽĳʵһȫʮ״ƺػûͣפ㣬ûҲûдֻΪͶѻԵľѡ
üͷܵĸǽ
ʱִҫʤĴɤ
أ˺ܿҲɱѡǶȣǼһϵĽңһҾһҲΪรʵǣӦûǺܻԭĸԣɣ㾡ٻร
ոɱ㣬һﵽ˵ʲô軰
˳һָ侲뽫ռΪаɣ
м˵¶ɵһ
Ϊڶʾ𣿡
Ц˺òã
ֱ򺮲ĵŭһۣڱ̽ͷۿΡ
ȫΧסˡҲá
ʿն̹ǹԶԶΧסڣһˮйͨ
Ϊβ
ʤѷ֣չԼĴ̬ǸӡˣΪʶжʩչɣ
ȳ̹ǹбǰ¶Ŀսס
ȥȡһʱ䡣
ˣ߽ҴӰɣ߶ȵǽӦȥɣ
÷綼˵̨ʣ漴ش
ôܶԿ
ȥֻȫΪҾɱ㡣
ȻˣҵȻҲȺһ¡
ˡ
÷˫ֽգۿضԵ
ֻҪΪˣʹϧ
˵׼
սȭͷʹĥ÷Դ
ء
ûʲôأ
߿ͷ÷磬߽ҧ촽ƴ˼ʹǽҲֻ⵽ѻѡȵǽٶֲô졣㿿оҰխεУԷֻҪһܻͨĿ޼ƿʩõĽۡ
ǼһĿѽҳͺãǿӰɣ
ץס׼ǰߵӲǱת
Ҳ״ζʧȥ㰡
﷽䣬ȿƽᡣ
󣬡һ𣬵¶ᡣ
ҲŲס
ԼĽʵµ׼̶ֱĽʡǳμ֮ʱ÷ʽ
ҵ뷨ҲһƤûֻʣԼ޶԰
ֹƿгȴҡͷ
ǵģҡѾ಻ˡĻ¡ԡ
ʶ
⵽ŭһĵȶʱ˫ۡ
ѵʹҲûϵ𣡣ҵȻ֪Ϊ˰˶սǲҪԴΪڶȥһһ
עжʬ壬ðɵҡͷ
ʱһԿ÷˵

7

ˣǣ
÷ĵָŵĶǹᲱϵǰȻһֱ͵·棬ƺڵܵڼ·ﻬ˳
ԭ׼·ڣȴ׹ɫʯͷɢһ˿̹⡣ʲôյʯǵˣĿǰɱ󷽣ȫ谵޹⡣Ĩâظǰ
ǡ
΢΢еʯ
ʯһࡡ
÷¶š
ǡװ֮⣿
ȴӶ̹ǹǹ·СͰװãʯһաԿԲͲεĽ϶֮͸ɫԡ
Ȼɫе㲻ͬȷأ
ˣǿʯԭǶڳϵ״ʮ𣿡
ָķѹ𣿡
Ƕڳձ֮ɫСɫȷʵΪơ
ĻγɷʯǶȥ
˵Ϊ˱ȶʯŲձλȻСȷʵȫһ£λڽɻȱһģʯֻһõС֮ҲҲκο϶
Ȼǲһɣ
Ÿ˵꣬漴ܵһָͷܵƵһʯͷǣȥĸо
ôģ
ееʯͷᴥձ˲䣬ָͷͻȻܵһطſʯ
ʯ·ܽһı״͸Ƕձ֮䡣
ιпոһĻ𣡣
̲סе˲䣬ֻʯǿҹâʼͳ졣
װһ
Ƚװװض̹ǹȷϡ߽ԷƵ졣װõɺصеôʯľŮ質
γɣ
ม
ܵȴߴٵȻ󣬵סһ齣ʡ
͸һһǿҵֿ֮ᵽȫûио
ڽ̫ɳʧ⣬Ϊ˱⽣׻䣬ŽʵĽñȽϽʵһ㡣
ǡʲô
һǳȽжʮɪ״Ķ̽
ȻȴƮɢڽ⡣
͸ġ
ȷʵֳ״˫нĳΪһٶʮɪ״Ĳλʮɪ״ʹ⵽ɿȵɾΪΡ
һ㳤ܲõĽȣֿȻʹʵ峤صò
బ޽
߾ٳ̧ͷͬʱķ˵Ļһ
ԭôһ°
ֽа취ն϶𣿡
¶鿴͸С
Կ֪
ѻɽľ䣬𳤽б¡
ûз˿Ʒش͸ľ䣬᲻νָС
ת֮ʱȴ졣
ԭ⵽б򿳶ϵľ们棬װľƿ޸Źˤơ
ľ估ƿ޵пڶ൱Ҳ޷ͬпڡ
÷ôŴͣһɵ۵ؿǰ⾰
ࡣ

۲ͼ

֪ѽˡ
ȵüơ
ѵΪ˼̳λ𣿡
̳λͼȻҲĿ֮һǲص㣬Ҫװá
ﲻһ
ͨװÿԵˮԴˮʹãҲݻҴûаװܹ͸СҲǹؼװڶ̹ǹڲС͵İװãȻȴСͰװõһҲ
仰˵͵İװޣ
Ҳ֪СǴʲôʱʼӵʯǸһõĻҲʮ˰ɣô붼Ͱװð
ڻشĵȷ·뵽ĳһϱͻȻΪ֮һ
װ̹ڰͼıˡ
װ̹𣿡
¶еܲ˼ı顣Ϊװָ̹£ԭǼȻľٶ
Щһ
ϻȵĻش𣬿Ĳͷɤ
ǹ˰ɣҽһӺչͻ
תŭԴͬʱն˵
ҳȥͺã뿪˵ء
ǧ򲻿
ץסֱۣ÷Ҳ˵ͷ
԰ˣ
ͷȻֱԤС
޸ݣȴ֡
һطȰȻжϡĿתעᣬ·ʮ־ȵŴס
ร
ٴ仰֮漴ڱ󷽷ɳ
ȫ޷ǰһʵǿֹֻĿȥ
ոǸˡûɣ
ãȻʧֹһ
÷Ҳܵͬһ°ɡֻ¶ıӰ
еͨ
ʮ㡣
ָоڰγ˲Ȼ֮ǰȻûκθоȻ͸аʶ̽Ӧ˶֮ʱܾúĳֶձעֱۡǲʲôĶһʧĶصԼڵĸоҲ֪ǷܵǹɶӰ죬ֻñӯҳ桢ٲֱۡۡÿһжͬʸС

ź첽ɱ
ȫûϵǵûͶǰֱɣֻʿæҵ¾̹ǹ
⣡
ӳһ£ʿһ°ֱᡣ
ʿǸݵƶᣬ޷׼Ŀֻ꣬ǲ˷ѷɼ
ӿŲפǰĻƽ
ڣ
ſĺͳ졣
ˣ
˲ıн
Ĵּӹԣǿʱͷ
̡ڰ
̨ӦıŲ֫ͼ׼ᡣ
Ҫٷɳ۶ᣬֱͬܵ񡣴ּһգƸլǽڡ
ƽ뿲Ļƽֻʣ״Զλá
ม
߸߾బ޽
ŻԾ𣬽߾ٹͷľ޽ֱ䡣
ȫûлеָУԷҲûκαõûпС
ȴѳ룬൹¡
һϣҽ漴ŷϵ
ֻ֪¶ãȻʧʿҸԼӰе䣬һƨɵڵϵĿ֮Ȼ
ġոǾôһ£Сж͸ҵҮ
˫ԼͷؿڣͬʱѿڷֱȷԼûгѪŷĵ˿ڴ
͸еסᡣ
ϽװȻ£ǲܹ𣿡
𣬿ŵý̻ض
Ļ
ĵɤʿֻòԸؽ̹ǹϣ
ˣ
һʿ漴ٵ
Գޣ
òųȼ÷磬ѻ߳ص㡣
˺ࡣ
˷ܵ÷ͨᡣ
൱أ
ȿĻΪ֮һ𡣾͸ſƵľ벣ƿһ·ӲƵ˼ΪĽض档
û𣿡
ףˡ
ᾭȿڵƲŲ£΢΢ͷ¶顣
˵Ҳ֣뽫룬еͷӦҲֳŶ԰
ӿ֮ʱͻȻжԱӰ˳
ˣСı󣡡
÷С
ͷ쿴֮Ӱ÷ɵس̵̳
Ǳֱ׼ؿڵĹæ޽ؿڡ
һֻҪͬһײĿ꼴ɡʹ־ٽ񵲣̵ĵҲ˳ƻ˶֡÷ϸһĨȷʤЦݡ
ĨЦȴת˲֮ᡣ÷һƿᣬԼĶ̵
ǰѽʲôǷ
÷һĵض̵ڵϵĶ̵ѾŤΣиȱ
۲÷飬Ѿָһʼ״̬
˰ɣ
֣Ͼǹ
÷СڳͶơ
Զ̹ǹסͷŭһ
ҽ÷Լ죡
¶ŻĿҧгݵ˵
ҽˡ
̫СһΣ
÷ҪԼ
Աش󺰡
㣬˰ɣ
÷绰˵ֻ꣬÷һźһࡣȻһСʱ䣬վǷ˫
ʲôͽ
ָͷתСֻСͻȻƾʧ
û취ͺܺ氡
ҿһ㶼Ȥ
Ȼػش
Ժһһɡ
ֱϷ÷һĵ˵
Ҿٷ㣡
ǿӲضԵ
㡭
÷̾˿ڴ˫硣
ء
ֳ䶨֮󣬵תᡣ
ȻкܶҪ㣬̸ǾƼݵĶȥɣ
Զ̹ǹݺݵſɳڵգ΢Ц˵

8

صĶլۡ˽ȷ˵Ӧǽʿ˵ءΪȷ֣Ѿ޷Լ˫ƶ
Ըʿº󣬿ɳϣеȶңվǰĶᱳɳϣ÷缰÷ֱվࡣ
⻹ɿų̈ӰŹаҵĻ뿪˵׷ɱᡣ
Ǵкͼ
ȫǵˣɲ̬ȡ
ΪȥľӳǣͲȲ˺尡
ȵĻشʹƿ߲
ȻϣǸǳ׶أ
ԼдҾ֪֮Ĳм仰
ͽˣʵڲһԡ
˵ĵȣ漴ǽ߽˫ۡῴſỺڣ
Ȼкܶ໰ҪʣҪĶǸ
ϵҪ󣬴ʹ۾ἰĶĶҲʮֲעᡣ
⻰ʲô˼
ʲô˼ɳʿΧլۡԶţͷǸ쾭¡
޴ΪʲôҪԼõͷǸ
ݺݵػش

̾˿ó÷Сῴ
õĴ̿õС൱ร
˵Լָͷ˿ڸǰͶСʱ˵˿ڡѪ˿и˿ڣسתӡ
磬ʵһҲⰡ
ǿɲСһҪ˶ϲɡ
ڻشĶ֮Сڿǰػζ
ס֣

ס֣޴ļһ
Ĵͱһˡ
Ȼ飬Եɳڵľһ£ֻ˿һССѪ飬ڼѪ˲䷢
֪֪ˣҵǸˣ
һʼԹ͵𣿡
Ķ˼
άŸ߰˵ĿͷҲȥ·ͺƵض̨ʡ
ܾ̬ûʲôҮ
㿴һҵͷ䲻ȥ
æָԼֳֵɺüĲӣһɵؿţʼ硣
ĶԸԭ𣿡
̫ܲĿðɣѾǳϡĹ⾰
Ķǿ챦Ƶ˫ۡ
ҺǸãֱ֮𰡣
ЦĿļͷĶĿתעı֡
ǲ˼أ
ң
ţǳǳ˼ࡣ
Ķ˫ֱر˫ۣźܼСЩʲô
ڼ佫עƻؿϡ
Ҳûعˣйع¡
ֻ֪ҵĸף֮һŲ֪
ԼĸףȴԵʮ䵭
һθ涼ѾǾǰ£඼ǲõˣô֪أ
Ⱥǹ´𣿡
ҲùЩͬ£֮⣬˭
չֳȻòá̬ȡ
ס԰ɣסʲôط

Ҫȥϰһ档
֮кδ㣿Թȡ𣿡
Ҫһȭ
ͷĻشÿʱĿɿڴ
÷ķӦ൱ңֻըԵĺЦ
̫ˣҿޣ
ı
Һû㣬ʵûϵǸȤļһﰡ
㣡
÷¶齻÷ᡣ
ȻԼĳᱻƵذףȴԹ۲޷֮ᡣ
Ϊʲô
ͷŭ𰡣Ȼ跨ıϰֵ뷨
ߡ˰ɣ൱ѲĶ֣ǧΪȫˣЩ˸¹ǽȻͬ
Ŷ㻹ԸԼֻǸ¹尡
뻹Լ֪֮סĹ弰ҳԱǿûôǡʿѵװ⣬ټϻ̱ǷǳΣร
ῴ¶飬漴Ц
㺦𣿡
̱ʲô
ɵ۵˵ֻǶûĵָеˡ
¶̱װ̹˽˲ӣҲȫǿľӡ
һסġ
ϸڲֻҪѯʵȾͺã֪鱨˳ɱҸϸɣϾ̹߹
¶Цתǽ߲һĵȡ
˵һۣ漴עƻؿϡ
˵Ȼȥ·;ƺΪңԶԽһ̨𣿸оӦǿ˿أ
Ҫȥɣʣ
˵
߰ɣĶޣ
׼תȥ
磬Եһ¡
ʱĶסᡣ
¶ˡ
¶ɶ°ıͷ
Ҫ뿪
ָһ
һ
⻹˵𣿵Ȼ簡ɣһ̤ͬϽ֮ó̰ɣ
Ķܹץס֣ͼӲԼԡ
Ҳ׼ٵôߡ
Ҳ֪Ǻʱ̵ֻ÷ÿµıĶ
ѽʲôȨ˵ϵ𣿡
ֻڱ˵ȫˡ
Ȼ˵ҺΣգ۾ò˰ɣ
˫۾
÷ָԼ˫ۻصɡ
ҲҪȥ
ʲô㡢ҲҪ
÷翴ŷˬɤˣѿڼС
ýܹδ̫죬Ҫºúö㡣
ҲҪ
ûɣѾȡе÷ţһһɰŮŶ
ǽĳһģһ
˵ʲô
÷С
˳˰ɣ
Ҳûֳʤһָ¡
òŶԾˣٶҲð
÷翪ڸҡͷЦˡ֮᣺
԰˲ûôйࡣ
Ϊҵѵæòɿˡ
ء
÷һ죬÷̱ͷ
ѽвҪ̿Ͱɷ鷳λо˭¾ͺأȻɵóһλȽϺð
һԿԽý̸Ķ˵
˵ҪõģҿǸɲó׸ɣ
Ȱ㻹ǱСұȽϺࡣ
Ķһ˵ܼ꣬Ҵš
Сá
ܼݳһ֧Լһ״ҵͲ״壬Ķץ壬һػλͲλհѡ
찡йûƷҮȻóɢǹ
齲÷ȴǱֳ²ɢǹ
ᣬ߰ɣ
ȿ첽߳䣬Ҳʼϡ
һ
磡ҲҪһ֮
÷缰Ķͬʱ˵
أúȤޣ
÷һܳ䣬һ˱µĿվվֻܳɤŴź
˰̧һسǰ
źػصʧȥ˵լ֮ۡС
лл
һ̤լۡǰĵ¶ѵһͷᡣ
ףлʲô
㲢û׷Ҹ֮便ʲô飬ûɣ
ŶŶȷʵ̸أ
װ⡣
̲סЦؿʼ
ҸǶʱ顣
˵ǰȻǹǧ𣿡
Ȼ
ֳʮָŵĶ
ĻشʹȡǡظֳһĨԳζЦݡ
ԭע⵽ϰ߹Ǹı䲻˵Ķأ˹˵ǹ壬˵һҹ¸ĵǮ˼ҰˡֻеĹӵܡ
ǣ
ءӽӡ
ģλ߰
£ǰסҲܽ档һ꣬ꡣʱҸʱ⡭һ֪ظڵ󵽴ܡ
Ǿ仰һ˿ζ
ǰҸƲɪҺеسְһұʱסڰɪҡʱǸ֪µĴС㣬ټ뵽˱չˣ˱Կƴӣκ¶һ
˲üͷʣȴ̼˵
Ȼĸȴڶ̶һ徣֮Ҳŵ֪ʵࡣ׵ƲסɪҡԼĸ֮ЩȫǿΪռµĶ塭̶֮װ̹ᣬΪǸ֯ӵ嶼޷ӴʱΪ̱κιӣȫЩɸ˵İ๤Ҳ԰൱ֵ¡ڼװ̹ڼ䣬֪˹塢빤ʵڰйᣬĲȡľʵǰһȫһҲŲԭӳӵңֻһӰˡ
Եһķ˵ϰ־ǹŻԵô
ȶ־סķ֮ʱı֣Ȼ
ʱǼʵ̫ˣ鷳ɣһԽ⡣
ҡҡͷĵȼ

۲ͼ

ǰǰʱΥ㷴⼺ͬɱң˵ɰ˳ȡǹͬһʱ֮󣬷Ҫ˵Ҿ뿪ءʱһž޴İʯңǰٲɿרֻòƸࡣ
ҧ촽֮ɫؿ̽᾿ηӦ
һҸеԲԣ
Ȼأ
Ц˵Ų̫ĵط
Ⱑ
ף
Ȳ֪ؿᡣ
ҸոӦҪһȭǸӲŶ԰
ȭƣȻڿЦȷܵ⡣
лл㡣
ͣ½Ųעᡣ
Ҳפ㲻ǰĿȲֽš
ȵ۾΢΢죬˳¶ĵɣδ˶ᣬϷֳ·ȻƵˬЦݡ
Ⲣֽŵɡ
һôɰ
ȷʵƯֻǻˣ˵ΪŮԣ˵ֻΪһԼ곤ҾḻðռҰˡ֮󣬿ĿҲӡı仯ԭǸǧʱڿʼüʶٴ֮󣬲Żתĵأ
뿴ǧСʱڵ㰡
һСѿ˵ͻȻֵͷ
𡭡ۻ಻Ҹе԰ɣ
ȵͻȻʮؿᡣ״ĿſɰᣬʱܵԼٶȻӿ졣
ûУҲ˼
æּԷ񶨵ᣬŲᵷǵĵЦֹ
Ȼˣҡ

Цļͷ
ʱһ֮䡣
˼ҵĸ鰡
˻ͷһֻĶ˫۶ֱŵȡ
飿
޷Ķĵȿڷʡ
û¸˫ͼʵ̫¶ˡʱܴĴأ
Ҳֲ˵𣡡
ûû
÷߾˫ֱʾ޳ɡ
ܻӭأ
ų̷ɿظϵ÷Ų֮ʣ˳ƸĲูһ
ֻѰҿĵİɡ
Ųูһһ߳÷
͵ޣ
ָЦŻӦ÷¾ϻ
ιҪǲร
ץסݵᳶɤŴ󺰡ȡ÷缰Ķæ˹
ҪǰˡҪȥϰֳ˽ᣬͬʱҲΪָ
ⷬȵĵͷͬ⡣





֮زز𡭡Ǹ˵ļһ
谵һЦӵɤ
ֻܹر˵أ
ӦŮɤһı
Ǻأ
ӴҲ޷ɣѽӵг֮ת֪飬ԹۣҲѰɣ
Ӧȱ׵ѺƷԷһ𣿡
νĵѺƷָ
ĸסΣ
һʱĬ
Ӧ÷ǳֶβҵ·Ŷ԰ɣ
ɤмдһ˿죬Ůæ˵
ˡΪǰ䲻ĳ̨棬þһֶΣһѼӷߵĻ
ðɣȻ㶼ô˵ˣǾͽȫȨ𡣡
ӵƽɤʹŮӶʱ˿ڴ
һ档
£
ݴƺһ췢ŮǽͬС
췢
ӵɤ
ŮӺеȡ
Ƕȡ˹𡭡Ǹ˻֮֡Ѿء
ӷ·ȷƵػ˵֡
Ȥˡ
òỹǸŮˡ
Ů˲佩
ʱֻһ׼ʱƵشŮӷԡ
ˣǸˡ³ɭݷá
洫һɳƵ곤ɤ

ӵĻشӦ
ȵƹ͸룬䷿䡣
һҡ
һŸо޴Ĵ̣ԼһԺϵŮӰ
еòׯ㣬ɫͷ΢΢¶Զɳ뵽ĻҪʵԼʮҰɡ
ʽſϵŮӿƺһЩ
һͷںڶ̷ϸ˫Ŀصŷţ԰߶ıŭ
߽ӺηŮӵߣԵͷ
Լʮߡ꣬ͷϴһԲñϴһϮԺɫΪĳڻ
ˡʧ񡭡
Ӽ˵Ӱѿ˵ʽϵǸ̨ʡ
޷Ϊ¶
󷽻ӻֲָӡ
³ɭϣҲֱڶϵ¿㣬ϹϾسӦ
̸йؽ
áͽ㴦ޣۿ

ۿŮԴ
ȻޱѵԼ壬Խֶϵ¿㴩ϡȻϸķ˫弰ʵγɵԶԱȼɿ顣
˵Ƕȡ˹Ѿ
³ɭĿ䵭ؿǰʼϷװۿ˵
Ϣͨء
ұضʰǸŮˣصǰʧܸޡ
ͼɾԵǾζʮ־һۿɱʮΪӦ
Ը˰̱ˡ
³ɭԱ湧άۿ˵
£ҾʧΡ
ۿŭɰ³ɭ
λô
뿪̵ĵ漴տڲ
վĵһ߽һٰʮɪ״ĸߴӡʵţӿǲ׸⡢ĸԼӵд˵ȿģȴҺ޶දľֹ
ۿΪϳۣ׼ֻƱѾơ
ڴﾡеһ죡
³ɭƱ
ҶΪ˶
˳ҲȺõܵȫЧҰɣ
һͬٱ
ˡ
ۿ³ɭͬ˵ͬʱɱ





÷ԼΪλϺǡն¼ʽʼޣǽȻƯȴʮƵŮԼ޹ؽҪŮӰΧ֮£չðóࡡ˭ܹǵأǽŴ̼

ڲǵ֪ܵǣһ߽ͬǵһߡ

ֻҪǰҪ֪Ȱһȥ֮һ赲İһһʹС˵Բԣ

˵Ҳ̫ȷ

ʵйɲҮ
ˣءѾϸĥõУԼʱϳ״̬ȴٳٶȲĻҮ

ǳǸΪڶṹأұ뿼ǵ⡪

ҶѾɱ˵÷÷սֻҪһ׼˲ֳܷʤ˵οֻҪȿɫգٳ˯ʱһ񣬽Ȼô๤򣬻᲻̫˰ˣ÷Ůԣ԰˳Ҳ첻ˡ



÷ڣö̵ס˼Ҳ𱸣ʦԵ̫ʦеࡣ

÷㣬ﰡⲻɫŶ԰ɣ

ֻǿ÷Ǳգ˵ӦҪкŶԡóգķǳм

ǧô˵ҲҪллǡ
ۣһɫеġ˵ม
ˣֻӳʵ̫䵭´μǵҲҳһࡣһаˡ
÷й¡
áã
ȵȣҲ˳㰲ҳ
ټֿ
ǰ̬ȵĲһ˵
λټޡ´ξڴҵĻԾࡡ

۲ͼ




ҳMFĿJҼ棡
Ǹ廭ǧҶɥ롣ȻѾӹüС˵廭ǳξС˵ȻڻʱͷʹһǻúܿģҸеʣǳлλ
ĶǿɰأһҳĲ廭Ҳ鲻ԽػĶФ񻭡Ц
Ҳ뱻ҹϮࡣ

2010.04  ǧҶɥ
